A Method for On‐Site Analysis of Urinary Benzene by Means of a Portable Gas‐Chromatograph

Possible sources of urinary benzene among nonoccupationally exposed Japanese subjects

“…Some HS-GC methods have been presented to determine trace benzene in urine (Kramer, et al, 2004;Fustinoni, et al, 1999;Ljungkvist, et al, 1999), but these methods require sophisticated and expensive instruments such as a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. We have recently developed a simple and sensitive method to determine urinary trace benzene at the sub-ppb level by HS-GC method employing a field-portable GC, equipped with a photo-ionization detector (Suna, et al, 2005). In this study, we determined U-benzene among nonoccupationally exposed university students by using this simple analytical technique, and we aimed to reveal human exposure sources to benzene in the living environment by analyzing the relation between U-benzene levels and personal lifestyle characteristics, because benzene pollution is widespread and exposure to benzene is anticipated to be related to a person's lifestyle and the types of environments encountered.…”

“…U-benzene concentrations were measured according to the head space-gaschromatographic (HS-GC) method of Suna, et al (2005). Analytical procedures were as follows: 20 ml urine samples were put into teflon-capped headspace vials containing 4 g Na 2 SO 4 and mixed well until Na 2 SO 4 was dissolved completely.…”

“…We have recently developed a simple and sensitive analytical method to determine trace benzene in urine (Suna, et al, 2005). In this study, we determined the levels of U-benzene among Japanese university students exposed to benzene nonoccupationally and analyzed the relation between U-benzene levels and the possible factors responsible for environmental exposure to high benzene levels.…”

Evaluation of three dimensional high nitrogen doped graphene as an efficient sorbent for the preconcentration of BTEX compounds in environmental samples

“…These compounds are known as pollutants and are typically found near petroleum production and storage sites. [1][2][3] BTEX compounds frequently enter soil, sediment and groundwater due to accidental oil spill, leakage of gasoline and other petroleum fuels from underground storage tanks and pipelines, and improper oil-related waste disposal practices, and therefore they seriously affect human health. 4 Moreover, BTEX can be absorbed by the human body through skin or the respiratory system.…”

Synthesis of polyaniline-magnetite hollow nanocomposite as a novel fiber coating for the headspace solid-phase microextraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes from water samples

“…Besides their useful applications in human life, some negative effects of BTEX must also be discussed; these compounds are considered as pollutants. They are typically found near petroleum production and storage sites, [1][2][3] where they frequently enter soil, sediments and groundwater because of accidental oil spill, leakage of gasoline and other petroleum fuels from underground storage tanks and pipelines, and improper oil-related waste disposal practices with potentially serious effects on human health. 4 Therefore, because BTEX are present in trace levels in environmental matrices, an appropriate and sensitive extraction method is required.…”