A method for measuring the degree of anionicity of polyacrylamide-based flocculants

Arinaitwe, Esau; Pawlik, Marek

doi:10.1016/j.minpro.2008.12.002

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The peak in 1437 cm −1 corresponds to the symmetrical stretching of the COO − bond. The band at 1090 cm −1 can be ascribed to stretching vibration of the CO groups …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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HPAM‐g‐PEOPPO: Rheological modifiers in aqueous media of high temperature and high ionic strength

Lima

Marques

Villetti

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is widely used as thickener in enhanced oil recovery (EOR), but the high temperature and salinity of oil reservoirs can reduce the viscosity and lead to polymer precipitation. To improve the performance of HPAM in high‐salinity and high‐temperature environments, the responsive amino‐terminated poly(ethylene oxide‐co‐propylene oxide) (PEOPPO) (EO/PO = 19/03) was grafted onto a HPAM backbone. The copolymers were prepared in water using 1‐ethyl‐3‐[3‐(dimethylamino)‐propyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride/N‐hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) as activators. Structural characterization was performed by 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and the responsive behavior was investigated by UV–Vis and rheology. Spectroscopic analyses confirmed that copolymers were successfully synthesized. UV–Vis showed that copolymers have combined salt and thermoresponsive character. Rheology in saline medium (ionic strength = 3.75 mol.L−1) revealed that, contrary to unmodified HPAM, HPAM‐g‐PEOPPO have thermothickening behavior and also higher viscosity than HPAM at 70 °C, suggesting the utilization of these copolymers as rheological modifiers under harsh conditions of temperature and salinity, such as the ones found in EOR applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47453.

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“…The peak in 1437 cm −1 corresponds to the symmetrical stretching of the COO − bond. The band at 1090 cm −1 can be ascribed to stretching vibration of the CO groups …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The NH (amide II) group appears at 1531 cm −1 , almost totally covered by amide I peak. The peak at 1409 cm −1 can be ascribed to the symmetrical stretching of the COO − group …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPAM‐g‐PEOPPO: Rheological modifiers in aqueous media of high temperature and high ionic strength

Lima

Marques

Villetti

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In divalent cation solution, in this case is MgCl 2 , the decrease in water absorbencies for three samples are more apparent. The decrease of absorbency in saline solutions should be attributed to the decrease of osmotic pressure difference between the polymeric network and the external solution and complex flocculation ability of PAM to metal ions which induced the formation of intramolecular and intermolecular complexes, which resulted in the collapse of the polymeric network 12, 25. However, compared to that of PAM, the GO‐based samples show a better water absorbency in both NaCl and MgCl 2 solutions, indicating an improved salt tolerance effect by introduction of GO into PAM network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of polyacrylamide/graphite oxide superabsorbent nanocomposites with salt tolerance and slow release properties

Zhu¹,

Sun²,

Li³

et al. 2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Novel polyacrylamide/graphite oxide (PAM/GO) superabsorbent nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple solution polymerization of acrylamide using N,N 0 -methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as initiator. The well dispersion of GO nanoplatelets in the polymeric network results in a remarkable improvement on the comprehensive swelling performance of the resulting superabsorbent nanocomposites. The water absorption experimental results show that the superabsorbent nanocomposites could absorb water as twice as that of crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAM) superabsorbent with a weight gain of 400 g g À1 with a low loading of GO. The salt tolerance and water-retention ability of the resulting PAM/GO superabsorbent nanocomposites are also enhanced compared with PAM. Moreover, by embedding of ammonium salt into PAM/GO network, the PAM/GO superabsorbent nanocomposites also exhibit a slow release behavior of ammonium salt from network when swelling in water, which makes the PAM/ GO superabsorbent nanocomposites multifunctional absorbent materials with great potential for agricultural and horticultural applications.

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“…Table 4 summarizes the vibration bands which are attributed to the bonds elongation and deformation. The characteristics of the AM1A0.1W20 polyacrylamide Spectrum are presented in Table 4 [17,18]. We note that the copolymers AM2A0.01W20 and AM3A0.01W20-H present similar spectra.…”

Section: Characterization By Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

New Polyacrylamide [PAM] Material Formulations for the Coagulation/Flocculation/Decantation Process

et al. 2015

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A new copolymers, high molecular weight poly(acrylamide) [AM2A0.01W20] and [AM1A0.1W20] were synthesized by radical adiabatic copolymerization in aqueous solution. The [AM2A0.01W20] copolymer was hydrolysed in basic medium by using sodium hydroxide solution and leads to a new hydrolysed poly(acrylamide) [AM3A0.01W20-H]. The structure and composition of the copolymers were established by 1 H NMR, IRTF and conductivity. The molecular weights are obtained by size exclusion chromatography [SEC] and by viscosity. The variation of the reduced viscosity of aqueous copolymer solutions with copolymer concentration revealed a strong viscosity values showing very high [PAM] molecular weights. In the present work, several copolymer formulations are tested by the process of Coagulation/Flocculation/ Decantation with a Jar-test, using a 30 mg L -1 clay suspension. The optimization process shows that the copolymers present different flocculation efficiencies. The copolymers with the best performances were tested on a semi-industrial experimental pilot for the Coagulation/ Flocculation/Decantation process. Good Flocculation yield superior than 70 % are observed for the [AM3A0.01W20-H] with high molecular weight.

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A method for measuring the degree of anionicity of polyacrylamide-based flocculants

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

HPAM‐g‐PEOPPO: Rheological modifiers in aqueous media of high temperature and high ionic strength

HPAM‐g‐PEOPPO: Rheological modifiers in aqueous media of high temperature and high ionic strength

Preparation of polyacrylamide/graphite oxide superabsorbent nanocomposites with salt tolerance and slow release properties

New Polyacrylamide [PAM] Material Formulations for the Coagulation/Flocculation/Decantation Process

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