A method for estimating apparent displacement vectors from time-lapse seismic images

Hale, Dave

doi:10.1190/1.3184015

Cited by 62 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Time-lapse time-shifts of the order of a few milliseconds are obtained using 3D warp analysis of the seismics data. These time-shifts are calculated again using the method of Hale (2009), which is applied over the volume of traces for the baseline and monitor surveys between 1600-3400 ms, which includes the overburden and the reservoir. This produces spatially smoothed time-shift estimates at every time sample in the seismics within that range.…”

Section: Results Of Field Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An estimation method for effective stress changes in a reservoir from 4D seismics data

García

MacBeth

2013

Geophysical Prospecting

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Advances in seismics acquisition and processing and the widespread use of 4D seismics have made available reliable production‐induced subsurface deformation data in the form of overburden time‐shifts. Inversion of these data is now beginning to be used as an aid to the monitoring of a reservoir's effective stress. Past solutions to this inversion problem have relied upon analytic calculations for an unrealistically simplified subsurface, which can lead to uncertainties. To enhance the accuracy of this approach, a method based on transfer functions is proposed in which the function itself is calibrated using numerically generated overburden strain deformation calculated for a small select group of reference sources. This technique proves to be a good compromise between the faster but more accurate history match of the overburden strain using a geomechanical simulator and the slower, less accurate analytic method. Synthetic tests using a coupled geomechanical and fluid flow simulator for the South Arne field confirm the efficacy of the method. Application to measured time‐shifts from observed 4D seismics indicates compartmentalization in the Tor reservoir, more heterogeneity than is currently considered in the simulation model and moderate connectivity with the overlying Ekofisk formation.

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Section: Results Of Field Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An estimation method for effective stress changes in a reservoir from 4D seismics data

García

MacBeth

2013

Geophysical Prospecting

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“…Both these attributes are limited by the fact that they are estimated using a two-layer model as the basis. Hale (2009) suggested an interesting crosscorrelation method designed for estimation of horizontal and vertical timeshifts from time-lapse seismic data. We think that it is possible to adapt this method to determine horizontal and vertical displacements between two dispersion curves, for instance, like the one displayed in top and middle of Figure 20.…”

Section: Relative Lateral Velocity Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal modes in seismic data — Revisited

Landrø

Hatchell

2012

GEOPHYSICS

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At long distances from a seismic shot, the recorded signal is dominated by reflections and refractions within the water layer. This guided wave signal is complex and often is referred to as normal or harmonic modes. From the period equation, we derive a new approximate expression for the local minima in group velocity versus frequency. We use two data sets as examples: one old experiment where the seismic signal is recorded at approximately 13 km offset and another example using life of field seismic data from the Valhall Field. We identify four and five normal modes for the two examples, respectively. A fair fit is observed between the estimated and modeled normal mode curves. Based on the period equation for normal modes, we derive a simple, approximate equation that relates the traveltime difference between various modes directly to the velocity of the second layer. Using this technique for offsets ranging from 6 to 10 km (in step of 1 km), we find consistent velocity values for the second layer. We think that this method can be extended to estimate shallow lateral velocity variations if the method is applied for the whole field. We find that the simple equations and approximations used here offer a nice tool for initial investigations and understanding of normal modes, although a multilayered method is needed for detailed analysis. A comparison of three vintages of estimated normal mode curves for the Valhall field example representing seabed locations shifted by 1 km indicates that minor shifts in group velocity minima for the various modes are detectable.

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“…slide in and out of the local Gaussian window, leading to several peaks, hence the non-uniqueness of the solution (Hale 2009). Figure 6 shows the estimation of the displacement vector using the local phase-correlation method.…”

Section: Shift Measurement By Cross-correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horizontal displacement in seismic images is measured by using various methods such as the non-rigid matching technique (Nickel and Sønneland 1999;Nickel et al 2003), 3D matching method (Aarre 2008), 7D warping (Hall 2006), and multi-dimensional warping by sequential 1D cross-correlation (Hale 2009). Here, we have estimated the lateral displacement by using phase correlation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub‐sample time shift and horizontal displacement measurements using phase‐correlation method in time‐lapse seismic

Tomar

Singh

Montagner

2016

Geophysical Prospecting

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Hydrocarbon production and fluid injection affect the level of subsurface stress and physical properties of the subsurface, and can cause reservoir‐related issues, such as compaction and subsidence. Monitoring of oil and gas reservoirs is therefore crucial. Time‐lapse seismic is used to monitor reservoirs and provide evidence of saturation and pressure changes within the reservoir. However, relative to background velocities and reflector depths, the time‐lapse changes in velocity and geomechanical properties are typically small between consecutive surveys. These changes can be measured by using apparent displacement between migrated images obtained from recorded data of multiple time‐lapse surveys. Apparent displacement measurements by using the classical cross‐correlation method are poorly resolved. Here, we propose the use of a phase‐correlation method, which has been developed in satellite imaging for sub‐pixel registration of the images, to overcome the limitations of cross‐correlation. Phase correlation provides both vertical and horizontal displacements with a much better resolution. After testing the method on synthetic data, we apply it to a real dataset from the Norne oil field and show that the phase‐correlation method can indeed provide better resolution.

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A method for estimating apparent displacement vectors from time-lapse seismic images

Cited by 62 publications

References 15 publications

An estimation method for effective stress changes in a reservoir from 4D seismics data

An estimation method for effective stress changes in a reservoir from 4D seismics data

Normal modes in seismic data — Revisited

Sub‐sample time shift and horizontal displacement measurements using phase‐correlation method in time‐lapse seismic

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