A method for determining the solubility of water in silicate melts

Burnham, Charles W.; Jahns, Richard H.

doi:10.2475/ajs.260.10.721

Cited by 200 publications

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“…The H20 solubility data (at ~2 kbar) for natural granitic rocks with comparable bulk compositions to those of our experimental melts are extremely limited in number; they include those for the Harding Pegmatite (Qz45Ab37Or18) with measured solubilities of 6.0-6.8 wt.% H20 at T=670°C (Burnham and Jahns, 1962). Although such values are quite similar to those of the solubility field at T= 800 ° C as defined in this study (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Datamentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Clearly, there is a need for a coherent dataset of H20 solubility values for compositions in the system Qz-Ab-Or, considering the important contribution of this system (e.g., Tuttle and Bowen, 1958) to the interpretation of granites and rhyolites. Although H20 solubility has been measured for a variety of natural granitic and rhyolitic rocks (e.g., Khitarov et al, 1959;Burnham and Jahns, 1962;Oxtoby and Hamilton, 1978a) such data cannot be easily interpreted because they were obtained for a single multicomponent composition, in which additional elements, although present only in low concentrations may still influence significantly the solubility data (i.e. F, B, Li, Rb, excess AI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results from a difference in experimental strategy. Almost all the previous studies: ( 1 ) have used a single melt composition, commonly either that of albite (e.g., Goranson, 1931;Burnham and Jahns, 1962;Orlova, 1963;Oxtoby and Hamilton, 1978b;Blamart et al, 1988 ), or of a complex natural rock type such as Harding Pegmatite, New Mexico, U.S.A. (Burnham and Jahns, 1962); and (2) have focused their efforts upon describing the variation of H20 solubility as a function of either pressure or temperature (or both). In contrast our principal objective has been to measure the variation of H20 solubility in a large number of simple melt compositions under isobaric and isothermal conditions, with a view to documenting precisely the compositional dependence of H20 solubility.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solubility of H20 in natural or synthetic granitic melts has been the subject of numerous studies (e.g., Goranson, 1931 typical example, the reported H20 solubility in albite melts varies from 7 to 10 wt.% at 3 kbar (e.g., Goranson, 1931;Burnham and Jahns, 1962;Orlova, 1963;Oxtoby and Hamilton, 1978a;Dingwell, 1987;Blamart et al, 1988). The variation of the data is due to the use of various starting materials (gel, powdered glass, pieces of glass, crystals ) and various analytical techniques for the determination of the H20 content (see reviews in Day and Fenn, 1982;Dingwell et al, 1984;McMillan and Holloway, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water solubility in aluminosilicate melts of haplogranite composition at 2 kbar

et al. 1992

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The compositional dependence of H20 solubility was investigated at 2 kbar and 800 °C in haplogranite melts (system SiO2-NaAISi3Os-KA1Si308 or Qz-Ab-Or). The sixteen investigated compositions contained 25, 35 or 45 wt.% normative Qz and various Ab/(Ab + Or ) ratios (0.15-0.92 ). Starting solid materials were anhydrous bubble-free glasses to which 10 wt.% H20 was added. The H20 contents of the isobarically quenched melts (glasses) were measured by Karl-Fischer titration.The results show that H20 solubility in aluminosilicate melts depends significantly upon anhydrous composition. The highest solubility values are obtained for the most Ab-rich melts. At a constant normative quartz content, the solubility of water decreases from 6.49 _+ 0.20 wt.% H20 for a composition Qz35AbroOro5 (normative composition expressed in wt.%) to 5.50 4-_ 0.15 wt.% H20 for a composition QzasAbloOr55. Along this join, the most significant changes are observed for Ab-rich melts whereas H20 solubility in Or-rich melts remains almost constant.The H20 solubility data imply that H20 is preferentially associated with the Ab component in aluminosilicate melts.Application of the results to natural granitic melts suggests that Na-rich, H20-saturated melts may be significantly less viscous than H20-saturated, K-rich melts.The temperature dependence of H20 solubility, investigated for composition Qz28Ab38Or34 at 2 kbar, is low. Increasing temperature from 750 ° to 1150 °C only causes a decrease in H20 solubility from 6.00 to 5.41 wt.% H20. These data are in agreement with previous data obtained for albite melts.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Datamentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Previous Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water solubility in aluminosilicate melts of haplogranite composition at 2 kbar

et al. 1992

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“…Under high-pressure (P) and high-temperature (T) conditions, it has been shown that the solubility of both water in silicate melt (13)(14)(15)(16) and silicate in aqueous fluid (13,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) increases with increasing P. As a result, silicate melt and aqueous fluid in the interior of the Earth are expected to become SCF, and the hydrous solidus of the system can no longer be defined beyond a certain critical condition (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). This condition is called the second (or upper) critical endpoint (26) and is the point of intersection between the critical curve and hydrous solidus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Slab melting versus slab dehydration in subduction-zone magmatism

Mibe

Kawamoto

Matsukage

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

156

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The second critical endpoint in the basalt-H 2 O system was directly determined by a high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray radiography technique. We found that the second critical endpoint occurs at around 3.4 GPa and 770°C (corresponding to a depth of approximately 100 km in a subducting slab), which is much shallower than the previously estimated conditions. Our results indicate that the melting temperature of the subducting oceanic crust can no longer be defined beyond this critical condition and that the fluid released from subducting oceanic crust at depths greater than 100 km under volcanic arcs is supercritical fluid rather than aqueous fluid and/or hydrous melts. The position of the second critical endpoint explains why there is a limitation to the slab depth at which adakitic magmas are produced, as well as the origin of across-arc geochemical variations of trace elements in volcanic rocks in subduction zones.water | island arc | silicate melt | synchrotron X-ray | high-pressure research W ater plays an important role in subduction-zone magmatism because it can reduce the melting temperature of rocks in subduction zones and hence can generate magmas (1-7). There is a long-standing debate about whether the fluids released from a subducting slab are aqueous fluid, hydrous silicate melt, supercritical fluid (SCF), or a combination of these (2,4,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Whether the subducting slab melts or dehydrates depends on the thermal structure and the phase relation of slab materials under hydrous conditions. Therefore, this long-standing question cannot be answered until the detailed stability fields of these fluids are clarified.Under high-pressure (P) and high-temperature (T) conditions, it has been shown that the solubility of both water in silicate melt (13-16) and silicate in aqueous fluid (13, 17-25) increases with increasing P. As a result, silicate melt and aqueous fluid in the interior of the Earth are expected to become SCF, and the hydrous solidus of the system can no longer be defined beyond a certain critical condition (26-36). This condition is called the second (or upper) critical endpoint (26) and is the point of intersection between the critical curve and hydrous solidus. Basalt is one of the dominant constituents of a subducting slab and is considered the main carrier of water that triggers the melting of rocks in subduction zones. Therefore, the second critical endpoint in the basalt-H 2 O system has to be determined in order to understand fully the subduction-zone magmatism.In some silicic silicate-H 2 O systems, the location of the second critical endpoint has been reported [e.g., 1.0 GPa, 1,080°C in the SiO 2 -H 2 O system (13); 1.5 GPa, 670°C in the system NaAlSi 3 O 8 -H 2 O (21); 1.5 GPa, 800°C in the system KAlSi 3 O 8 -H 2 O (36)]. In mafic systems, however, the determination of the second critical endpoints is not easy because of the difficulty in identifying phases (aqueous fluid versus hydrous silicate melt) in the recovered samples quenched from high-P and high-T conditio...

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Origins of felsic magmas in Japanese subduction zone: Geochemical characterizations of tephra from caldera‐forming eruptions <5 Ma

Kimura

Nagahashi

Satoguchi

et al. 2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

120

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Dacitic to rhyolitic glass shards from 80 widespread tephras erupted during the past 5 Mys from calderas in Kyushu, and SW, central, and NE Japan were analyzed. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine 10 major and 33 trace elements and A few tephras from SW Japan were identified as adakite and alkali rhyolite and were regarded to have originated from slab melt and mantle melt, respectively. The Pb isotope ratios of the tephras are comparable to those of the intermediate lavas in the source areas but are different from the basalts in these areas. The crustal assimilants for the intermediate lavas were largely from crustal melts and are represented by the rhyolitic tephras. A large heat source is required for forming large volumes of felsic crustal melts and is usually supplied by the mantle via basalt. Hydrous arc basalt formed by cold slab subduction is voluminous, and its heat transfer with high water content may have melted crustal rocks leading to effective felsic magma production. Coincidence of basalt and felsic magma activities shown by this study suggests caldera-forming eruptions are ultimately the effect of a mantle-driven cause.

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A method for determining the solubility of water in silicate melts

Abstract: The influence of the iron and ox/red conditions on the solubility of sulfur in water-saturated silicate melts.

Cited by 200 publications

References 0 publications

Water solubility in aluminosilicate melts of haplogranite composition at 2 kbar

Water solubility in aluminosilicate melts of haplogranite composition at 2 kbar

Slab melting versus slab dehydration in subduction-zone magmatism

Origins of felsic magmas in Japanese subduction zone: Geochemical characterizations of tephra from caldera‐forming eruptions <5 Ma

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