In the AOSE (Agent-Oriented Software Engineering) area, several research efforts are underway to develop appropriate meta-models for agent-oriented methodologies. Meta-models are meant to check and verify the completeness and expressiveness of methodologies. In this paper, we put to test the well-established standard Unified Modelling Language (UML), and the emergent Object Process Methodology (OPM), and compare their meta-modelling power. Both UML and OPM are used to express the meta-model of SODA, an agent-oriented methodology which stresses interaction and social aspects of MASs (multi-agent systems). Meta-modelling SODA allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of the two approaches over both the structural and dynamics parts. Furthermore, this allow us to find out some desirable features that any effective approach to meta-modelling MAS methodologies should exhibit.
Meta-models for MASThe definition of a methodology is an interactive process, in which a core is defined and then extended to include all the needed concepts. Meta-modelling enables checking and verifying the completeness and expressiveness of a methodology by understanding its deep semantics, as well as the relationships among concepts in different languages or methods [1]. According to [2], the process of designing a system (object or agent-oriented) consists of instantiating the system meta-model that the designers have in their mind in order to fulfil the specific problem requirements. In the agent world this means that the meta-model is the critical element(...) because of the variety of methodology meta-models.In the context of MASs, a meta-model should be a structural representation of the elements (agents, roles, behaviour, ontology, . . . ) that constitute the actual system, along with their composing relationships. Several meta-models of AOSE methodologies can be found in the literature-for instance, GAIA