“…The study recommends further ethnographic investigations to enhance our understanding of translingual practices within multilingual schoolscape environments (Li and Liu, 2023). Taherkhani and Gholizadeh (2023) suggest that critical thinking ability can improve all four language skills among EFL/ESL learners. Simulations contribute to the gradual development of all foreign language communicative competence criteria, providing opportunities to improve speaking skills, understanding the language in real time, and adapting to real communication requirements (Zvarych et al, 2023).…”