A meta-analytical synthesis and examination of pathological and problem gambling rates among college athletes

Nowak, Donald E.

doi:10.1080/19357397.2018.1525143

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the only meta-analysis of its type to date, Nowak (2014) examined 124 independent data estimates retrieved from 72 studies conducted between 1987 and 2015, surveying 41,989 university students and student-athletes worldwide. The estimated proportion of probable pathological gamblers among students was computed at 6.13%, with a 6.46% rate among student-athletes; this difference was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gambling Disorder in the College Student-Athlete Population: An Overview

Nowak

2018

JGI

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This review examines research from 1991 to the present regarding college student-athlete gambling addiction and disorder issues, with an emphasis on prevalence rates, motivations, and comorbid disorders, as well as National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) national studies and derivative research. Subsets of the college student-athlete population, specifically minority athletes, are also examined. Databases PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and Dissertation Abstracts International (ProQuest), were searched for possible contributions to this review. It was determined that student-athletes, and male student-athletes in particular, are vulnerable to disordered gambling problems, which, if university administration and athletic departments do not address, may result in severe negative consequences for the student-athlete. The research suggests that, for the most part, student-athletes have a higher rate of pathological gambling than non-athletes, though the rate of “normal” gambling behavior is about the same. Additionally, it appears that athletes in certain high profile team sports (football, basketball, etc.), as well as athletes belonging to a minority group, are more likely to report problems with gambling than their counterparts. Recommendations for working with student-athletes with a gambling disorder, as well as directions for future research in this burgeoning area, are offered. These proposals include screening for the disorder by mental health professionals and counsellors, as well as training for coaches and financial aid personnel.Résumé Cette étude fait l’examen de la recherche effectuée de 1991 à nos jours sur les problèmes de dépendance et de désordre chez les étudiants-athlètes, en mettant l’accent sur les taux de prévalence, les motivations et les troubles concomitants, ainsi que les études nationales de la National Collegiate Athletic Association et des travaux de recherche dérivés. Des sous-ensembles de la population d’étudiants-athlètes universitaires, en particulier des athlètes faisant partie de minorités, sont également sousmis à l’étude. Des recherches ont été faites dans les bases de données PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE et Dissertation Abstracts International (ProQuest) pour trouver d’éventuelles contributions à la présente étude. On a établi que les étudiants-athlètes, masculins en particulier, sont vulnérables aux problèmes de jeu compulsifs, et s’ils ne sont pas pris en main par l’administration universitaire et les départements sportifs, ces troubles peuvent avoir de graves conséquences pour eux. La recherche laisse entendre que, pour la plupart, les étudiants-athlètes ont un taux de jeu pathologique plus élevé que les non-athlètes, bien que le taux de jeu « normal » soit à peu près le même. De plus, il semble que les athlètes de certains sports d’équipe de haut niveau (football, basketball, etc.), ainsi que les athlètes appartenant à un groupe minoritaire, sont plus susceptibles de montrer des problèmes de jeu que leurs homologues. Des recommandations sont faites pour travailler avec des étudiants-athlètes ayant un trouble du jeu, ainsi que des orientations pour de futures recherches dans ce domaine en progression. Ces propositions comprennent le dépistage du trouble par des professionnels de la santé mentale et des conseillers, ainsi que la formation des entraîneurs et du personnel de l’aide financière.

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Section: Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gambling Disorder in the College Student-Athlete Population: An Overview

Nowak

2018

JGI

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“…University students are thought to be particularly susceptible to gambling addiction for a combination of factors described by Nowak (2018b, p. 241) as a 'perfect storm'. These factors include: age with university representing a period of youth synonymous with experimentation with various risk behaviours; availability of an array of gambling opportunities and products both of a formal and informal, legal and illegal nature; acceptability of gambling within liberalised gambling societies and cultures; advertising aimed at promoting, glorifying and normalise gambling engagement; and access to money from student loans, parental support and credit lenders (Nowak, 2018b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gambling among university sport students: a preliminary analysis

Jones¹,

Bowles²,

Mayes³

et al. 2022

Auc Kinanthropologica

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The aim of this study was to explore risks associated with the gambling habits and attitudes of sport students governed by betting integrity rules. Using focus groups with male and female student rugby and football players, we identified four areas of concern. First, participants considered gambling as a ‘normal’ pastime – a largely harmless form of communal entertainment. Second, we found that participants’ gambling behaviour was influenced by marketing strategies and by peers. Third, although participants were aware of some of the potential risks of gambling, they had a limited understanding of how problem gambling and addiction might develop. Taken together, we believe these encourage gambling and increase risks of gambling related problems. The fourth concern relates to breaking integrity rules. Although we found no evidence of intentional corrupt behaviour, participants had a casual attitude towards gambling regulations, and some broke the betting rules in ways they deemed trivial. Moreover, participants did not seem to take anti-corruption education/intervention particularly seriously.

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“…These different factors emphasize the strong individual and contextual relationship between active sports participation and sports betting behaviorover and above the effects of fandom. In turn, this could lead to (former) athletes betting more on sports than fans (Winters & Derevensky, 2019), being more likely to bet on the sport they have played (Weiss & Loubier, 2010) and showing higher prevalence rates for betting-related problems (e.g., Ellenbogen et al, 2008;Grall-Bronnec et al, 2016;Nowak, 2018;Vinberg et al, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin in the game – Erroneous beliefs and emotional involvement as correlates of athletes' sports betting behavior and problems

Jones

Noël

2021

JBA

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Background and aimsThe sports betting market has been growing rapidly over the last years, as have reports of problematic gambling behavior associated with betting. Due to the well-documented gambling problems of famous athletes and the betting supportive nature of many sports-related environments, athletes have been highlighted as a potential group at-risk for problematic sports betting. However, there currently remains a lack of research on individual-level athlete-specific risk-factors or mechanisms that might contribute to the development and perpetuation of betting-related problems. Here, we examine the influence of two potential risk-factors on sports betting behavior and problems: erroneous beliefs and athletes' emotional involvement.Methods201 athletes with different levels of expertise completed a newly developed scale to assess both factors. Participants were sampled from the general German population, predominantly male (83.08%) and on average 29.52 (SD = 11.05) years old. We use principal components analysis to detect patterns of covariation, potentially due to the proposed underlying latent factors, and regression analyses to test associations of these factors with betting behavior and problems.ResultsWe find that athletes' emotional involvement was strongly associated with betting problems whereas erroneous beliefs were not. However, distorted cognitions/beliefs were associated with higher volumes and more frequent betting activities.Discussion and ConclusionsThis might contribute to betting problems in the long run. These results highlight athletes' emotional involvement and erroneous beliefs as potential targets for future intervention and prevention efforts.

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A meta-analytical synthesis and examination of pathological and problem gambling rates among college athletes

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Gambling Disorder in the College Student-Athlete Population: An Overview

Gambling Disorder in the College Student-Athlete Population: An Overview

Gambling among university sport students: a preliminary analysis

Skin in the game – Erroneous beliefs and emotional involvement as correlates of athletes' sports betting behavior and problems

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