A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Worry and Rumination

Stade, Elizabeth Cameron; Ruscio, Ayelet Meron

doi:10.1177/21677026221131309

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In addition to replication, we aimed to extend the approach to worry in the context of anxiety. We observed a strong correlation between worry and rumination (r=.68, p<0.05) which is consistent with prior findings (e.g., de Jong- Meyer et al, 2009;Segerstrom et al, 2000;Stade & Ruscio, 2023). It has been suggested that this overlap captures the common negative repetitive thinking process (Taylor & Snyder, 2021).…”

Section: Worry Networksupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluating Theories of Repetitive Negative Thinking: Replication and Extension

Tamm,

Koster,

Hoorelbeke

2024

Preprint

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Background: Rumination plays a major role in various forms of psychopathology. In a recent study, we tested the main predictions of the key processes that drive rumination from major metacognitive and self-regulation theories of rumination by using a data-driven network analytical approach. This study aimed to replicate these findings and extend the approach to worry. Methods: The study followed the original procedures. Participants were recruited from Academic Prolific (n=500).Results: The current study largely replicated the original findings. The regularized partial correlation network for rumination did not significantly differ from the one obtained in the original study in terms of network structure and level of connectivity (p>.6). Bayesian network analysis replicated the main results from the first study: positive beliefs about rumination, cognitive self-consciousness, and effortful control were directly linked to rumination.Moreover, we found potential causal links from depression and perfectionism to rumination.We applied a similar approach to explore the mechanisms behind worry. The results suggest amoderate correlation between worry and rumination (r=.67) and some specificity to the mechanisms governing worry.Conclusions: There are multiple cognitive factors that are directly linked to rumination and worry. These findings contribute to the cognitive theories of depression and anxiety.

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Section: Worry Networksupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluating Theories of Repetitive Negative Thinking: Replication and Extension

Tamm,

Koster,

Hoorelbeke

2024

Preprint

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“…Our study had several strengths. We used a mixed clinical sample, which is known to increase statistical power by capturing the widest possible range of severity scores (Stade & Ruscio, 2023). We also performed rigorous tests for specificity using high-quality measures of depression and anxiety.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and anxiety have distinct and overlapping language patterns: Results from a clinical interview.

Stade

Ungar

Eichstaedt

et al. 2023

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science

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Depression has been associated with heightened first-person singular pronoun use (I-usage; e.g., “I,” “my”) and negative emotion words. However, past research has relied on nonclinical samples and nonspecific depression measures, raising the question of whether these features are unique to depression vis-à-vis frequently co-occurring conditions, especially anxiety. Using structured questions about recent life changes or difficulties, we interviewed a sample of individuals with varying levels of depression and anxiety (N = 486), including individuals in a major depressive episode (n = 228) and/or diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (n = 273). Interviews were transcribed to provide a natural language sample. Analyses isolated language features associated with gold standard, clinician-rated measures of depression and anxiety. Many language features associated with depression were in fact shared between depression and anxiety. Language markers with relative specificity to depression included I-usage, sadness, and decreased positive emotion, while negations (e.g., “not,” “no”), negative emotion, and several emotional language markers (e.g., anxiety, stress, depression) were relatively specific to anxiety. Several of these results were replicated using a self-report measure designed to disentangle components of depression and anxiety. We next built machine learning models to detect severity of common and specific depression and anxiety using only interview language. Individuals’ speech characteristics during this brief interview predicted their depression and anxiety severity, beyond other clinical and demographic variables. Depression and anxiety have partially distinct patterns of expression in spoken language. Monitoring of depression and anxiety severity via language can augment traditional assessment modalities and aid in early detection.

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“…Worry can compromise emotional well-being because it is usually accompanied by rumination, which involves repetitive cognitive processes that focus on negative possibilities and potential threats. 15 This cognitive rumination can lead to increased levels of anxiety and stress, which in turn can negatively impact current psychological well-being. 16,17 In China, in 2015, the number of individuals aged 65 or older was approximately 144 million, which accounted for 10.5% of the total population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Worrying about future medical care may be based on older adults' self‐evaluation of their own ability to access the quality medical care they need, which is common among those with inadequate health literacy. Worry can compromise emotional well‐being because it is usually accompanied by rumination, which involves repetitive cognitive processes that focus on negative possibilities and potential threats 15 . This cognitive rumination can lead to increased levels of anxiety and stress, which in turn can negatively impact current psychological well‐being 16,17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health literacy, worry about unmet needs for medical care, and psychological well‐being among older Chinese adults

Li,

Wang,

Zhou

2023

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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AimThis study aims to examine the relationship between older adults' health literacy and their psychological well‐being and the role of worry about future unmet needs for medical care in mediating this relationship.MethodsWe adopted a sample of 965 older Chinese people aged 60+ (49.74% female) from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey. A series of structural equation models (SEMs) were performed. Health literacy was measured by three items regarding older people's ability to understand medical professionals, ask them questions, and read medical instructions. A single‐item question was adopted to measure participants' worry about unmet needs for future medical care. Psychological well‐being was measured by three items regarding emotional problems and depressed or anxious mood in the past 4 weeks.ResultsWorry about future unmet needs for medical care mediates the relationship between lack of health literacy and Chinese older people's psychological well‐being. The indirect effect accounts for 22.3% of the total effect. The SEM model has a satisfactory model fit (goodness of fit index = 1.000, comparative fit index = 0.999, Tucker‐Lewis index = 0.997, root mean square error of approximation = 0.009, standardized root mean square residual = 0.023, chi‐square test = 50.96, P = 0.321).ConclusionsThe findings of this study underscore the importance of improving communication quality between healthcare providers and older adults. Clinical interventions that promote health literacy and address worries about unmet needs for medical services may benefit older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; ••: ••–••.

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A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Worry and Rumination

Cited by 11 publications

References 109 publications

Evaluating Theories of Repetitive Negative Thinking: Replication and Extension

Evaluating Theories of Repetitive Negative Thinking: Replication and Extension

Depression and anxiety have distinct and overlapping language patterns: Results from a clinical interview.

Health literacy, worry about unmet needs for medical care, and psychological well‐being among older Chinese adults

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