A meta-analysis of the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in some African countries from 2000 to 2018

Ebhodaghe, Faith I.; Isaac, Clement; Ohiolei, John Asekhaen

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.09.018

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in the study location was 29.4% (95% CI 25.4-33.8) Table 2. This result is higher compared with the national mean prevalence of 14.28% (95%10.39-18.67) (Ebhodaghe et al, 2018).The study nding was slightly lower from a similar study conducted by (Angwech et al, 2015) that used ITS PCR found the overall prevalence of 41% of bovine trypanosomosis in Nwoya and Amuru districts. Another study by Muhanguzi et al, (2014a) in South East Uganda reported a lower prevalence rate of 15.3% compared to the ndings form our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Heterogeneity in Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and its Associated Risk Factors in Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Communities Surrounding Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda.

Kizza

Ocaido

Mugisha

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Bovine trypanosomosis transmitted by tsetse flies is a major constraint to cattle health and productivity in sub- Saharan countries including Uganda. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and its associated risk factors and the species of trypanosomes associated with the disease.Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted around Murchision Falls National Park, Uganda from January 2020 to April 2020. Blood samples were collected from 460 cattle and were screened for trypanosomes using ITS-PCR. Results: From 460 samples collected, 136 (29.6%) of the samples were positive for trypanosomosis infections while 324 (70.4%) samples were negative. The overall trypanosome prevalence was 29.6% (95% CI 25.4-33.8). T. vivax (n = 130, 28.3%) was the most prevalent trypanosome specie detected and two mixed infection types (T.vivax + T. congolense (n = 2, 0.4%) and T.vivax + T. brucei (n = 1.0, 0.2%) were detected during the analysis. There was a significant difference when Trypanosome prevalence was compared with sex, age, breed of the sampled animals (P < 0.05 for sex), (P = 0.0043 for age) and (P = 0.001 for breed). Conclusion; Trypanosomosis is still a major limitation to cattle production around Murchision Falls National Park and interventions are urgently needed .The prevalence of trypanosomosis was high and T.vivax was identified as the major trypanosome species in the cattle herd.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Heterogeneity in Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and its Associated Risk Factors in Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Communities Surrounding Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda.

Kizza

Ocaido

Mugisha

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The sample sizes selected from each herd varied depending on the number of animals in each herd. The sample size was determined according to the formula given by Thrusfield (2005) with an expected prevalence of 13.02% ( Ebhodaghe et al, 2018 ) at 95% confidence interval and 5% desired absolute precision for four districts. Hence, a total of 174 animals were required to be selected from each district (a total of 696 cattle).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control methods of trypanosomosis mainly include control of tsetse fly numbers, use of a trypanocidal drug, and use of cattle breed that tolerate the disease ( Achenef and Bekele, 2013 ; Bouyer et al, 2014 ). To effectively control trypanosomosis, it is important to know the epidemiology of the disease and its vector distribution in the areas ( Ebhodaghe et al, 2018 ). Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis, distribution, and density of vectors in the study areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigation of bovine trypanosomosis and distribution of vectors in Jimma zone, Ethiopia

Robi

Diriba²

2021

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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Trypanosomosis is highly reliant on the distribution of vectors responsible for transmission. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis as well as the distribution of vectors in the Jimma zone, Ethiopia. Blood samples from a total of 2088 cattle were collected and tested using a buffy coat and Giemsa techniques. An overall 13.36% prevalence of trypanosomosis was recorded in study areas. The highest proportion of the infections was caused by T. vivax (44.80%) followed by T. congolense (36.92%) and mixed infection (18.28%) of both species. The study also revealed that trypanosomosis was associated with anemia as the mean PCV was significantly lower among trypanosome-infected animals (20.34 ± 4.39) than non-infected ones (27.98 ± 3.68). Moreover, anemia was more pronounced with T. congolense infection (19.54 ± 3.22) than T. vivax (21.07 ± 3.96) and mixed infection of both species (20.16 ± 2.71). This study identified age, body condition, and agro-ecology as risk factors for the occurrence of trypanosomosis in cattle. Vector survey was conducted by deploying 377 mono-pyramidal traps in selected districts. Accordingly, Glossina species and other biting flies ( Stomoxys and Tabanus ) were identified with an apparent density of 5.27 and 1.74 fly/trap/day, respectively. Moreover, a higher 4.49 fly/trap/day of G. tachinoides than G. morsitans submorsitans (0.79 fly/trap/day) was noted in study areas. The present study indicated that trypanosomosis is the major cattle production constraint in the areas. Hence, applicable management techniques of the disease and its vector should be implemented and further investigation involving molecular technique should be conducted in different seasons.

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“…Four species of Glossina (Glossina palpalis palpalis, Glossina tachinoides, Glossina morsitans submorsitans, and Glossina longipalpis) are important in the transmission of the disease in Nigeria [2]. Biting insects of the genus Tabanus, Stomoxys, and Hippobosca are also involved in the mechanical transmission of the disease [3,4]. The disease affects both humans (human African trypanosomosis or sleeping sickness) and animals (African animal trypanosomosis or Nagana).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital lesions in cows naturally infected with trypanosomes in Abuja, Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Different species of trypanosomes have been reported to cause varying degrees of reproductive disorders in pregnant and non-pregnant animals under experimental infections. Information on reproductive disorders and losses in animals naturally infected with trypanosome species are few. This study was carried out to assess the abnormalities in the genital organs (ovaries, oviduct, uterus, cervix, and vagina) of female cattle naturally infected with trypanosomes in and around Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Cows showing signs such as emaciation, weakness, or anemia were selected and examined at Gwagwalada and Karu abattoirs, respectively. Venous blood samples were taken from 108 of such animals and screened using standard trypanosome detection methods. The genital organs were also collected and inspected for gross and histopathological lesions in the laboratory. Results: Six (5.55%) out of the 108 animals were positive for trypanosomes; 4 (66.7%) were infected with Trypanosoma vivax and 2 (33.3%) were infected with Trypanosoma congolense. The mean packed cell volume of the infected animals was 22.83%. Grossly, congestion and ecchymotic hemorrhages were observed in the endometrium, myometrium, and cervical submucosa. Mucometra, hydrometra, and pyometra were also seen in the uterus. Histologically, necrosis of the epithelium and endometrial glands accompanied by mononuclear cellular infiltration was observed in the uterus. There was also sloughing of the endometrial epithelium, vascular congestion, and hypertrophy of serosa of the uterus. There was atropy of the granulosa cells, increased numbers of degenerating tertiary follicles, and absence of corpora lutea in the ovary. No gross or histopathological lesions were observed in the fallopian tube and vagina. Conclusion: The lesions observed were restricted to the uterus and ovary of the animals and were less severe when compared to lesions observed under experimental conditions as reported by previous authors.

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A meta-analysis of the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in some African countries from 2000 to 2018

Cited by 14 publications

References 127 publications

Heterogeneity in Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and its Associated Risk Factors in Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Communities Surrounding Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda.

Heterogeneity in Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and its Associated Risk Factors in Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Communities Surrounding Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda.

Epidemiological investigation of bovine trypanosomosis and distribution of vectors in Jimma zone, Ethiopia

Genital lesions in cows naturally infected with trypanosomes in Abuja, Nigeria

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