A meta-analysis of teen cigarette smoking cessation.

Abstract

Much more teen smoking cessation research is needed, but teen smoking cessation programming is effective, and the present study provides a framework to move forward.

Role models' influence on smoking reduction

“…Thus, a role model who describes negative outcomes associated with physical appearance (independent of health and fitness) and social life may be more effective at motivating young adults to quit smoking in comparison to a role model who describes negative health outcomes. Research on smoking cessation programs, in fact, recommend incorporating role model influence to enhance motivation and help engage in cognitive-behavioral strategies to increase success rates (Sussman, Sun, & Dent, 2006). Thus, the established view is that negative role models may affect young adults' decision to smoke, but little research within the behavioral sciences has systematically examined role model influence on reducing smoking behaviors to obtain positive outcomes.…”

The TOBg Tobacco Treatment Guidelines for Adolescents: A real-world pilot study

“…Interventions targeting adolescent smokers have increased in number in recent years 7,8 . However, the lack of robust and adequately powered randomized controlled trials, coupled with complete reliance on models originally designed for adults, has limited and confounded the evidence regarding the efficacy of available interventions in supporting cessation among adolescents [7][8][9][10] . A 2017 Cochrane systematic review identified group-based behavioural interventions as the most promising approach, supporting the findings of an earlier metaanalysis of 48 trials involving adolescent smokers, which concluded that tobacco cessation programs are more likely to be effective if they are offered within the school setting 10 .…”

“…However, the lack of robust and adequately powered randomized controlled trials, coupled with complete reliance on models originally designed for adults, has limited and confounded the evidence regarding the efficacy of available interventions in supporting cessation among adolescents [7][8][9][10] . A 2017 Cochrane systematic review identified group-based behavioural interventions as the most promising approach, supporting the findings of an earlier metaanalysis of 48 trials involving adolescent smokers, which concluded that tobacco cessation programs are more likely to be effective if they are offered within the school setting 10 . Specifically, motivational enhancement intervention programs that are delivered in schools over an extended period, and which include multiple components, have been found to be the most effective approach for prevention of smoking initiation 11 , short-term smoking cessation and smoking reduction 8 .…”

Addressing challenges in adolescent smoking cessation: Design and baseline characteristics of the HS Group-Randomized trial

“…First, identifying and reaching teen smokers is difficult: Prior teen smoking cessation studies have been conducted primarily in self-selected or convenience samples of small size Sussman 2002), limiting the trials' generalizability. Second, past adolescent cessation studies have mostly focused on daily smokers, with little attention paid to infrequent smokers : In a recent meta-analysis of 48 adolescent cessation trials, the level of baseline smoking averaged 10.44 cigarettes per day (Sussman, 2006), reflecting the prevalent research interest in daily smokers. Because infrequent smokers constitute a sizable portion of adolescent smokers (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006;Johnston et al, 2006;Mowery et al, 2004), are at high risk of smoking escalation and adult smoking (Bricker et al, 2006;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1998;Choi et al, 1997;Chassin et al, 1990), and have difficulties quitting smoking (CDC, 1994), expanding research to include infrequent smokers is an important next step.…”

“…Finally, in-depth reporting of study populations, methods and outcomes is often neglected, despite its importance for research communication and assessment. Underreporting of such important information has impeded comprehensive literature reviews Sussman 2002) and meta-analyses (Sussman 2006), and has limited knowledge accumulation in the field of adolescent smoking cessation.…”