A meta-analysis of soil extracellular enzyme activities in response to global change

Xiao, Wen; Xiao, Chen; Jing, Xin; Zhu, Biao

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.001

Cited by 327 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The soil properties also determined the soil enzyme activities under temporal variation, particularly for soil dissolved organic matter (DOM, mainly referred to as DOC and DON) ( Figure 4). This has also been reported in previous field manipulation experiments [40] and in consistent with our previous study [41]. The DOM will stimulate the plants and soil microbes to release more enzymes that promote the decomposition process and eventually lead to the temporal variation in soil enzyme activities [7,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Temporal Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Responses to Land-Use Change in the Loess Plateau, China

et al. 2019

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Variability in soil enzyme activity may have important implications for the knowledge of underground ecosystem functions driven by soil extracellular enzymes. To illustrate the temporal variation in soil enzyme activity after afforestation, we collected soil samples during different vegetative growth periods in three Caragana korshinskii Kom. stands of different ages (20, 30, and 40 years) and in a slope cropland in the Loess Plateau. These samples were used to analyze the catalase, sucrase, urease and alkaline phosphatase activities, the soil water content and the available soil nutrients (i.e., dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, and available phosphorus). The results illustrated that the soil enzyme activities significantly increased following afforestation and varied with temporal variation. Overall, soil enzyme activities were higher in June and August, particularly, and both alkaline phosphatase and sucrase were more sensitive to temporal variation than the other two enzymes. In addition, redundancy analysis showed that soil enzyme activities were greatly correlated with soil nutrients, especially for dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic nitrogen. Therefore, the results highlighted the importance of soil enzyme activities to soil nutrients under temporal variation following afforestation in the Loess Plateau, which may have practical significance for forest managers’ fertilization management of plantation in different seasons and different stand ages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Temporal Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Responses to Land-Use Change in the Loess Plateau, China

et al. 2019

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“…In general, based on the N:P stoichiometry, increasing N inputs enhances the microbial demand for inorganic P [63]. The capacity of microbial P-assimilation and Psolubilization and mineralization increases to obtain more inorganic P for microbial growth.…”

Section: Effects Of N Inputs On Genes Involved In P-transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term nutrient inputs shift soil microbial functional profiles of phosphorus cycling in diverse agroecosystems

et al. 2019

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Microorganisms play an important role in soil phosphorus (P) cycling and regulation of P availability in agroecosystems. However, the responses of the functional and ecological traits of P-transformation microorganisms to long-term nutrient inputs are largely unknown. This study used metagenomics to investigate changes in the relative abundance of microbial Ptransformation genes at four long-term experimental sites that received various inputs of N and P nutrients (up to 39 years). Long-term P input increased microbial P immobilization by decreasing the relative abundance of the P-starvation response gene (phoR) and increasing that of the low-affinity inorganic phosphate transporter gene (pit). This contrasts with previous findings that low-P conditions facilitate P immobilization in culturable microorganisms in short-term studies. In comparison, long-term nitrogen (N) input significantly decreased soil pH, and consequently decreased the relative abundances of total microbial P-solubilizing genes and the abundances of Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Alphaproteobacteria containing genes coding for alkaline phosphatase, and weakened the connection of relevant key genes. This challenges the concept that microbial P-solubilization capacity is mainly regulated by N:P stoichiometry. It is concluded that long-term N inputs decreased microbial P-solubilizing and mineralizing capacity while P inputs favored microbial immobilization via altering the microbial functional profiles, providing a novel insight into the regulation of P cycling in sustainable agroecosystems from a microbial perspective.

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“…Such a pattern could be ascribed to the following two aspects. First, warming could increase the microbial activities directly since the enzyme catalysis is temperature dependent (Xiao, Chen, Jin, & Zhu, 2018). It has been reported that the optimum temperature for microbial enzyme activity is about 25°C (Xiao et al, 2018), which is substantially higher than the soil temperature (i.e.…”

Section: Enhanced Alkyl C Accumulation and Lignin Oxidation Under Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming alters surface soil organic matter composition despite unchanged carbon stocks in a Tibetan permafrost ecosystem

Peng

Chen

et al. 2019

Functional Ecology

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Climate warming can alter ecosystem carbon (C) balance and also the composition of soil organic matter (SOM), with important local and global implications. However, the extent to which rising temperature affects SOM composition in permafrost ecosystems remains poorly understood. Here, we experimentally warmed a permafrost ecosystem by open‐top chambers (OTCs) on the Tibetan Plateau for 4 years to quantify the responses of C inputs via vegetation production, C losses via soil respiration and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in the top 30 cm. We also characterized the molecular composition of SOM using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and biomarker analyses. The results indicated that warming treatment significantly increased root biomass, soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration and its contribution to soil respiration by 16.7%, 49.0%, 63.2% and 9.5% respectively. While we observed no change in SOC stocks, warming altered SOM composition in the 0–10 cm layer during the fourth experimental year. Warming increased the abundance of the alkyl C component (3.9%) and decreased aromatic C (5.1%), primarily lignin. The decrease in lignin‐derived compounds was attributable to the increased soil phenol oxidase activity. Overall, the substantial increase in heterotrophic respiration and rapid degradation of relatively recalcitrant C components such as lignin demonstrate that Tibetan SOC stocks are vulnerable to climate warming, which could trigger positive C–climate feedback in a warmer world. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

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A meta-analysis of soil extracellular enzyme activities in response to global change

Cited by 327 publications

References 73 publications

Temporal Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Responses to Land-Use Change in the Loess Plateau, China

Temporal Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Responses to Land-Use Change in the Loess Plateau, China

Long-term nutrient inputs shift soil microbial functional profiles of phosphorus cycling in diverse agroecosystems

Warming alters surface soil organic matter composition despite unchanged carbon stocks in a Tibetan permafrost ecosystem

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