A meta-analysis of risk factors for non-superficial surgical site infection following spinal surgery

Abstract

Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complications in spinal surgery. In SSI, non-superficial surgical site infections are more likely to result in poor clinical outcomes. It has been reported that there are multiple factors contributing to postoperative non-superficial SSI, but still remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the potential risk factors for non-superficial SSI following spinal surgery. Methods A systematic database search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials was performed for relevant articles published until September 2022. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two evaluators independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation of the obtained literature. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) score was used for quality evaluation, and meta-analysis was performed by STATA 14.0 software. Results A total of 3660 relevant articles were initially identified and 11 articles were finally included in this study for data extraction and meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed that the diabetes mellitus, obesity, using steroids, drainage time and operative time were related to the non-superficial SSI. The OR values (95%CI) of these five factors were 1.527 (1.196, 1.949); 1.314 (1.128, 1.532); 1.687(1.317, 2.162); 1.531(1.313, 1.786) and 4.255(2.612, 6.932) respectively. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus, obesity, using steroids, drainage time and operative time are the current risk factors for non-superficial SSI following spinal surgery. In this study, operative time is the most important risk factor resulting in postoperative SSI.

Effect of Obesity on Surgical Outcomes and Complication Rates in Pediatric Patients: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Obesity as a risk factor for SSI has been extensively studied in the adult population. Several meta-analyses have been conducted, such as the one by Liu et al, which found that obesity increased the risk of non-superficial SSI after spinal surgery [ 10 ]. Similarly, Liu et al reported that BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 resulted in significantly higher SSI after colorectal surgery [ 42 ].…”

“…Still, they evaluated the impact of obesity in a specific type of surgery. Some meta-analyses have gathered data but remain focused on certain complications for a specific surgical procedure [ 10 ].…”