A meta-analysis for vaccine protection rate of duck hepatitis a virus in mainland China in 2009–2021

Abstract

Background Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) is a single-stranded, positive-strand small RNA virus that causes a very high mortality rate in ducklings. The DHAV-3 subtype incidence rate has recently increased in China, causing great economic losses to the waterfowl breeding industry. We analyzed the protection rate of DHAV vaccines used in mainland China from 2009 to 2021 and evaluated the effectiveness of vaccine prevention and control to reduce the economic losses caused by DHAV to the waterfowl breeding industry. We screened five electronic research databases and obtained 14 studies and patents on the protection efficiency of DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 vaccines. Results Meta-analysis demonstrated that immunized ducklings produced higher antibody levels and had a significantly higher survival rate than non-immunized ducklings [relative risk (RR) = 12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6–26, P < 0.01]. The age of the ducks and vaccine valence did not affect protection efficiency. Data source analysis of the vaccine protection rate demonstrated that the vaccines conferred immune protection for ducklings in both small-scale experiments and large-scale clinical conditions. The analysis results revealed that although the vaccines conferred protection, the immune protective effect differed between small-scale experimental conditions and large-scale clinical conditions. This might have been due to non-standard vaccination and environmental factors. Conclusions Domestic DHAV vaccines can protect ducklings effectively. The subjects immunized (breeding ducks or ducklings) and vaccine valence had no effect on the protective effect. Both small-scale experiments and large-scale clinical conditions conferred immune protection on ducklings, but vaccine immunization under small-scale experimental conditions had slightly better protective effects than large-scale clinical immunization.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) in Mainland China between 2008 and 2023: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The Stata software (version 15) was used for the meta-analysis, and the double-arcsine transformation (PFT) method was used to bring the data closer to a normal distribution [30,33]. Each study's proportion estimate typically undergoes a specific transformation to achieve a better approximation to the normal distribution [30], aligning with the assumptions of conventional meta-analysis models.…”

mRNA and miRNA expression profiles reveal the potential roles of RLRs signaling pathway and mitophagy in duck hepatitis A virus type 1 infection

“…DHAV-1 genome consists of a 5′ untranslated region, an open reading frame, a 3′ untranslated region, and a poly (A) tail, with a length of about 7,700 nt ( Liu et al, 2021 ). Infection with DHAV-1 leads to a fatal disease in ducklings under 4 wk old, primarily characterized by hepatic hemorrhage and associated neurological symptoms ( Ye et al, 2023 ). In essence, DHAV-1 poses a severe threat to the lives and health of ducklings, underscoring the necessity to explore the molecular pathways implicated in DHAV-1 infection.…”