A merit parameter to determine the stacking order of heterogeneous diphasic soft armor systems

Failure Investigation of Layered LFT SB1plus Package after Ballistic Tests for Level IIA

“…Figure 12 presents the last layer of the package: (a) the general view being taken from the opposite direction of the impact (named back face in this text), (b) the print on the last layer of fire 1, where aramid fibers are not broken, only the auxiliary (white) yarns that keep the resistant aramid yarns in their aligned position, (c) for fire 2 the yarns are not broken but (d) for the last fire, there are several bundles of fibers broken due to the large deformation on this layer. After testing, it can be seen that the arching in the orthogonal yarns is more dominant in the back layers of the multilayer package, where the projectile tries to enter through an edge-like approach after being considerably slowed down by the initial layers [8]. The existence of the phenomenon of passing through the fabrics usually produces a hole smaller than the diameter of the projectile, with a smaller number of yarns being broken After testing, it can be seen that the arching in the orthogonal yarns is more dominant in the back layers of the multilayer package, where the projectile tries to enter through an edge-like approach after being considerably slowed down by the initial layers [8].…”

“…After testing, it can be seen that the arching in the orthogonal yarns is more dominant in the back layers of the multilayer package, where the projectile tries to enter through an edge-like approach after being considerably slowed down by the initial layers [8]. The existence of the phenomenon of passing through the fabrics usually produces a hole smaller than the diameter of the projectile, with a smaller number of yarns being broken After testing, it can be seen that the arching in the orthogonal yarns is more dominant in the back layers of the multilayer package, where the projectile tries to enter through an edge-like approach after being considerably slowed down by the initial layers [8]. The existence of the phenomenon of passing through the fabrics usually produces a hole smaller than the diameter of the projectile, with a smaller number of yarns being broken as compared to the number of yarns that intersect the projectile.…”

“…Ballistic applications of aramid fiber-based composites mostly include soft body armors. The mechanical properties of the aramids and the ballistic effects on its fabrics and composites have been investigated in several studies [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ] that involved both experimental testing and FEM (finite element method) [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ] and established the effectiveness of the ballistic protecting system and the protection level of bulletproof vests. Recent reviews on ballistic protection [ 10 , 11 ] point out interesting comments on failure mechanisms and very particular solutions in combining different materials for facing very different threats.…”

Failure Investigation of Layered LFT SB1Plus Package after Ballistic Tests for Level IIA

“…These layers and the following ones are also responsible of reducing the BFS. After testing, it can be seen that the arching in the orthogonal yarns is more dominant in the back layers of the multilayer package, where the projectile tries to enter through an edge-like approach after being considerably slowed down by the initial layers [8]. The existence of the phenomenon of passing through the fabrics usually produces a hole smaller than the diameter of the projectile, a smaller number of yarns being broken as compared to the number of yarns that intersect the projectile.…”

“…Ballistic applications of aramid fibers-based composites mostly include soft body armors. The mechanical properties of the aramids and the ballistic effects on its fabrics and composites have been investigated in several studies [2][3][4][5] that involved both experimental testing and FEM (Finite element method) [6][7][8][9] and established the effectiveness of the ballistic protecting system and the protection level of bulletproof vests. Recent reviews on ballistic protection [10,11], point out interesting comments on failure mechanisms and very particular solutions in combining different materials for facing very different threats.…”