A melt inclusion approach to reconstructing sulfur contents and sulfide saturation of primitive basaltic melts

Korneeva, Alina; Kamenetsky, Vadim S.; Nekrylov, Nikolai; Kontonikas-Charos, Alkiviadis; Kamenetsky, Maya B.; Savelyev, D. P.; Zelenski, Michael; Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2022.106956

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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Section: Caveats and Sources Of Error Of The Petrological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot

Ranta,

Halldórsson,

Óladóttir

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Outgassing of S (as SO2) is one of the principal hazards posed by volcanic eruptions. However, S emission potentials of most volcanoes globally are poorly constrained due to a short observational record and an incomplete understanding of the magmatic processes that influence pre-eruptive S concentrations. Here, we use a compilation of published and new data from melt inclusions—which preserve magmatic S concentrations prior to eruptive degassing—from the Iceland hotspot to evaluate the effects of mantle melting and crustal magmatic processes on the S budgets of Icelandic melts. We apply the petrological method to estimate S emission potentials (∆Smax) for 68 eruptions from 22 of the ~33 presently active volcanic systems in Iceland. We show that the S systematics of Icelandic melts are strongly regulated by the sulfide solubility limit. Sulfide-saturated conditions during lower-degree mantle melting, prevalent at off-rift zones, likely explains an observed decoupling between S and Cl. Modelled sulfide solubility peaks in evolved basalts (4-6 wt.% MgO), coinciding with highest melt inclusion S concentrations. Highest ∆Smax (2100–2600 ppm) are found in the Hekla 1913 CE, Eldgjá 934 CE and Surtsey 1963-67 CE eruptions in the South Iceland Volcanic Zone. Our results extend the record of volcanic sulfur emissions back in time and can be used to assess volcanic gas hazards at Icelandic volcanoes where no direct measurements are available. Broadly, the results underline the governing role of sulfide solubility during melting and magma differentiation in controlling the eruptible S contents of hotspot magmas.

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Section: Caveats and Sources Of Error Of The Petrological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot

Ranta,

Halldórsson,

Óladóttir

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…In the latter case, the measured MI glass S concentration by microanalytical methods would lead to underestimation of the original melt S content. This effect could be overcome by rehomogenization of MIs (Korneeva et al., 2023), or by bulk LA‐ICP‐MS measurements of MIs (Rottier & Audétat, 2019) in setups where S can be quantitatively determined. The petrological method only takes into account the volatile emission capacity of the erupted melt itself. Actual volcanic volatile emissions may additionally involve input from magmatic S‐bearing volatile phases or external sources of volatiles (see Section 5.2).…”

Section: Methods and Catalog Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem is partly overcome in our Δ S calculations by the choice of maximum MI S concentration, which is typically found in MIs with MgO contents that closely matches the carrier melt. Different volatile species need to be treated separately because of their differing solubilities and diffusion rates in melts (Baker et al., 2005), and additional factors that affect their concentrations in melts and their preservation in MIs, listed below in detail. Accurate CO 2 measurements in MIs are complicated by the necessity to account for vapor bubbles and mineral precipitates on the bubble walls, which can host more than 90% of the CO 2 contained in the MI (Hartley et al., 2014; Moore et al., 2015; Rasmussen et al., 2020; Schiavi et al., 2020), and decrepitation, which leads to loss of CO 2 (Maclennan, 2017). Bubbles in MIs may also host S as gas or precipitates (Venugopal et al., 2020), but the effect on total MI S contents may be insignificant (Korneeva et al., 2023; Rasmussen et al., 2020). Bubbles are present in 17%–65% of investigated MIs in eight studies in IMIC where they are reported (Hartley et al., 2014; Hauri et al., 2018; Matthews et al., 2021; Miller et al., 2019; Moune et al., 2007, 2012; Neave et al., 2014, 2017).…”

Section: Methods and Catalog Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Caveats and Sources Of Error Of The Petrological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accurate CO 2 measurements in MIs are complicated by the necessity to account for vapor bubbles and mineral precipitates on the bubble walls, which can host more than 90% of the CO 2 contained in the MI (Hartley et al., 2014; Moore et al., 2015; Rasmussen et al., 2020; Schiavi et al., 2020), and decrepitation, which leads to loss of CO 2 (Maclennan, 2017). Bubbles in MIs may also host S as gas or precipitates (Venugopal et al., 2020), but the effect on total MI S contents may be insignificant (Korneeva et al., 2023; Rasmussen et al., 2020). Bubbles are present in 17%–65% of investigated MIs in eight studies in IMIC where they are reported (Hartley et al., 2014; Hauri et al., 2018; Matthews et al., 2021; Miller et al., 2019; Moune et al., 2007, 2012; Neave et al., 2014, 2017).…”

Section: Methods and Catalog Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot

Ranta,

Halldórsson,

Óladóttir

et al. 2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Outgassing of sulfur (as SO2) is one of the principal hazards posed by volcanic eruptions. However, S emission potentials of most volcanoes globally are poorly constrained due to a short observational record and an incomplete understanding of the magmatic processes that influence pre‐eruptive S concentrations. Here, we use a compilation of published and new data from melt inclusions (MIs)—which can preserve magmatic S concentrations prior to eruptive degassing—from the Iceland hotspot to evaluate the effects of mantle melting and crustal magmatic processes on the S budgets of Icelandic melts. We use MI data to estimate S emission potentials (ΔSmax, in ppm S) for 73 eruptions from 22 of Iceland's presently active ∼33 volcanic systems. We show that the S systematics of Icelandic melts are strongly regulated by the sulfide solubility limit. Sulfide‐saturated conditions during lower‐degree mantle melting, prevalent at off‐rift zones, likely explains observed decoupling between S and Cl. During magmatic differentiation, a local maximum in modeled sulfide solubility occurs in evolved basalts (4–6 wt.% MgO), coinciding with highest MI S concentrations. Highest ΔSmax values (2,100–2,600 ppm) are found in the Hekla 1913 CE, Eldgjá 939 CE, and Surtsey 1963–1967 CE eruptions in the South Iceland Volcanic Zone. Our results extend the record of volcanic sulfur emissions back in time and can be used to assess volcanic gas hazards at Icelandic volcanoes where no direct measurements are available. Broadly, the results underline the governing role of sulfide saturation during melting and magma differentiation in controlling the eruptible S contents of Icelandic magmas.

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Magma degassing of ore-metals into submarine hydrothermal systems: a case study from the Xunmei hydrothermal field, South Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Wang,

Li,

et al. 2024

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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A melt inclusion approach to reconstructing sulfur contents and sulfide saturation of primitive basaltic melts

Cited by 3 publications

References 62 publications

Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot

Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot

Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot

Magma degassing of ore-metals into submarine hydrothermal systems: a case study from the Xunmei hydrothermal field, South Mid-Atlantic Ridge

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