A Meiotic Study of the Wild and Semi-domesticated Brazilian Species of Genus Capsicum L. (Solanaceae)

Abstract

Summary Meiotic behavior was analysed in 30 accessions of 12 wild (Capsicum flexuosum, C. parvifolium, C. buforum, C. campylopodium, C. cornutum, C. pereirae, C. friburgense, C. schottianum, C. villosum var. villosum, and 3 new species) and 2 semi-domesticated (C. baccatum L. var praetermissum and C. chinense) Brazilian Capsicum species. This is the first report on meiosis for most of these taxa. Except for C. baccatum L. var praetermissum, C. chinense, C. flexuosum and C. parvifolium, with 2nϭ24 chromosomes, all other taxa had 2nϭ26 chromosomes, a number previously considered as not common in the genus. Meiotic pairing was generally regular (12 or 13 bivalents) for most of the species analyzed. However, different irregularities such as univalents, multivalents, bridges, chromosome stickiness, unoriented chromosomes, monads, dyads and polyads, among others, were found at both meiosis I and meiosis II, leading to unbalanced final meiotic products but generally not a high pollen sterility. It was not possible to establish with certainty if these irregularities were due to genetic (meiotic mutations) or environmental (such as pests and diseases) causes.

Meiose e viabilidade polínica em acessos de Capsicum annuum e Capsicum baccatum

“…baccatum (UENF 1495). Esses acessos foram caracterizados morfoagronomicamente e molecularmente por SUDRÉ et al (2006) e por COSTA et al (2006), respectivamente.…”

Cytogenetic evaluation of chili (Capsicum spp., Solanaceae) genotypes cultivated in Valle del Cauca, Colombia

“…Pozzobon & Wittmann (2006), and Teodoro, Garcia & Corona (2007), reported the same chromosome number for some wild species, among them C. buforum, C. campylopodium, C. cornutum, C. villosum var. villosum, C. schottianum and C. pereirae.…”

“…The basic chromosome number usually found in domesticated species, C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense and C. baccatum is x=12 (2n=24) (Moscone et al, 2007), but in some wild species as C. buforum, C. campylopodium and C. cornutum, a number of x=13 (2n=26) was found (Moscone et al, 2007;Pozzobon & Wittmann, 2006;Teodoro, Garcia & Corona, 2007).…”

Meiose e viabilidade polínica em linhagens avançadas de pimenta

“…As Outras irregularidades como citomixia (Figura 1C) e células anucleadas foram observadas, confirmando dados anteriores para Capsicum (Lakshmi et al, 1989;Pozzobon & Schifino-Wittmann, 2006). Esse fenômeno é citado para um grande número de plantas Kumar & Singhal, 2008;Sheidai et al, 2008;Risso-Pascotto et al, 2009;Kumar et al, 2010).…”

“…Foram observados grãos de pólen com tamanho maior do que o normal, possivelmente derivados das várias díades e tríades encontradas. A presença de grãos de pólen gigantes é relatada em Capsicum (Shopova, 1996;Pozzobon & Schifino-Wittmann, 2006), indicando, eventualmente, gametas não reduzidos (Ramsey & Schemske, 1998) ou, pelo menos gametas com número de cromossomos diferentes. Gametas com cromossomos desbalanceados ou anucleados, como grãos de pólen com citoplasma retraído são citados como resultado de falhas no comportamento meiótico (Zanotto et al, 2009).…”