A mechanistic study of algal cell disruption and its effect on lipid recovery by solvent extraction

Yap, Benjamin H.J.; Crawford, Simon; Dumsday, Geoff; Scales, Peter J.; Martin, Gael M.

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2014.07.001

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The energy consumption for biofuel production was larger than the energy of produced biofuel, and the system with thermal drying would not use energy effectively . To reduce energy consumption, researchers have attempted to extract hydrocarbons or lipids without using thermal drying . In other words, a truly effective extraction method of hydrocarbons from wet microalgae is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their study assumed that particles are spheroids, and therefore the diameter of cell debris might have been overestimated. Halim et al , Spiden et al , Yap et al , and Lee et al evaluated the degree of disruption of Chlorococcum sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae , and Chlorella sp., respectively, by visually counting the number of intact cells before and after disruption. Visual counting is able to distinguish disrupted cells from intact cells but cannot be used to differentiate the degree of disruption of B. braunii into, e.g., partial or complete disruption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical cell disruption of microalgae for investigating the effects of degree of disruption on hydrocarbon extraction

Tsutsumi

Yokomizo

Saito

et al. 2017

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The colonial microalga, Botryococcus braunii, produces and stores hydrocarbons in membranes and in colonies. Although hydrocarbons in B. braunii could easily be extracted for biofuel production, yields are actually poor without energy-intensive pretreatment such as thermal drying. To develop extraction methods without drying, we applied the mechanical cell disruption to wet B. braunii using either a high-pressure homogenizer, a bead mill, or a circulating particle disruptor (Jet-Paster) and examined the relationships between the extent of cell and/or colony disruption and extracted hydrocarbon yields using n-hexane. When the number of particles over 20 μm classified as colonies, decreased after each treatment, the hydrocarbon yields of samples treated (over 20%) were much larger than those without treatments (under 5%). Thus, the colony disruption may increase hydrocarbon yields by enhancing n-hexane penetration to the colony. Although the degree of disruption on the Jet-Paster treatment was the lowest (2.2-9.3%) and that of sample treated by the homogenizer was the highest (27-55%), extracted hydrocarbon yields were improved in both treatments. The facts indicate that disrupting large colonies into small colonies improves hydrocarbon recovery, and the fractionation of cells is not needed for hydrocarbon extraction from B. braunii. Figure 4. Distributions of roundness of before and after cell disruption ((a-1), (b-1), and (c-1)) Untreated samples. (a-2) High-pressure homogenizer (30 MPa). (a-3) High-pressure homogenizer (80 MPa). (b-2) Bead mill (8 m/s). (b-3) Bead mill (14 m/s). (c-2) Jet-Paster (4800 rpm). (c-3) Jet-Paster (7200 rpm). S. TSUTSUMI ET AL.Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 460

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical cell disruption of microalgae for investigating the effects of degree of disruption on hydrocarbon extraction

Tsutsumi

Yokomizo

Saito

et al. 2017

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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“…Microalgae are cultivated at low concentrations 5) 6) and accumulate hydrocarbons and/or lipids inside their cells. Hence, the extraction of sufficient amounts of hydrocarbons or lipids from wet microalgae without any appropriate pretreatment is difficult unless a lipid extraction is performed over a long time period while using n-hexane 7) , which is widely used as an extractant 7) ～ 12) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-pressure homogenizers 7) , bead mills 26) , sonicators 27) , and microwave ovens 28) are mainly used as cell disruption devices in mechanical methods. Previous studies reported that these methods enhanced the extraction yields of hydrocarbons or lipids 7) 26) ～ 30) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Wet Extraction of Hydrocarbons from a Heterotrophic Microalga, <i>Aurantiochytrium</i> sp. 18W-13a, by Cell Disruption Using a High-pressure Homogenizer

Fukuda

Tsutsumi

Saito

et al. 2018

J. Jpn. Inst. Energy

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Aurantiochytrium, a heterotrophic microalga, produces hydrocarbons inside its cells and has a higher growth rate than other photosynthetic microalgae. To investigate a possible method of extracting hydrocarbons from wet Aurantiochytrium cells, cell cultures of Aurantiochytrium were treated with a high-pressure homogenizer. The influence of cell disruption and extraction time on the cell morphology, hydrocarbon yield, and energy balance of hydrocarbon extraction was evaluated. The hydrocarbon yield increased with an increase in extraction time regardless of cell disruption. After one round of the homogenizing treatment in which cells were fragmented (one-pass treatment), a second round (two-pass treatment) did not cause any additional morphological change. For the 40-min extraction, the yield of hydrocarbon from disrupted samples was found to be over ten times higher than that of undisrupted ones. In contrast, for the 180-min extraction, the yield of undisrupted samples was almost the same as that of disrupted ones because the cells of Aurantiochytrium were disrupted by extended contact with n-hexane over the longer extraction time. Furthermore, the input energy of the 40-min extraction with cell disruption was 78% lower than that of the 180-min extraction without cell disruption to obtain almost the same hydrocarbon yield. 従属栄養性の微細藻類 Aurantiochytrium は細胞内部に炭化水素を産生し，他種の藻類と比較して増殖速度が大きい。 Aurantiochytrium の湿潤状態の細胞から炭化水素を抽出する方法を検討するため，高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて細胞を破砕した。細胞の破砕および抽出条件が細胞の形状，炭化水素の抽出率および炭化水素抽出におけるエネルギー収支に及ぼす影響を評価した。破砕の有無にかかわらず，抽出時間の増加に伴い，炭化水素の抽出率は増加した。また，高圧ホモジナイザーによる破砕処理では，１回目の処理で細胞は断片化され，２回目の処理では細胞の形状のさらなる変化はなかった。40 min の抽出時間では，破砕処理をした試料からの炭化水素の抽出率は未処理の試料からの抽出率と比べ 10 倍以上高い。その一方で，180 min の抽出時間では，破砕処理をした試料および未処理の試料からの抽出率は同程度であった。これは，長時間 n-ヘキサンと接触することで Aurantiochytrium の細胞が破砕されたためである。また，破砕した試料を 40 min 抽出した場合の消費エネルギーは，同程度の抽出率を得るために未処理の試料を180 min 抽出した場合と比べ 78％削減可能であった。

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“…This technique can rupture even the most hard-surfaced algae like Nannochloropsis [33] and can be utilized to process pretreated concentrated paste [34] but for application in large-scale processing, the energy consumption should be considerably low. The scale-up reduces processing capacity due to the increase in homogenizing pressure [35]. Successful disruption was achieved after the Chlorococcum cells were homogenized at a pressure of 850 bar [36].…”

Section: High-pressure Homogenizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insight on Algal Cell Disruption for Biodiesel Production

Aarthy

Smita

Turkar

et al. 2018

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: This review article deals with the effect that various cell disruption techniques have on the efficiency of lipid extraction. We have reviewed existing algal cell disruption techniques that aid the biodiesel production process.Methods: Current rise in demand for energy has led the researcher to focus on the production of sustainable fuels, among which biodiesel has received greater attention. This is due to its larger lipid content, higher growth rate, larger biomass production, and lower land use. Extraction of lipid from algae (micro and macro) for the production of biodiesel involves numerous downstream processing steps, of which cell wall disruption is a crucial step. Bead milling, high-pressure homogenization, ultra-sonication, freeze-drying, acid treatment, and enzymatic lysis are some methods of cell disruption. The cell disruption technique needs to be optimized based on the structure and biochemical composition of algae. Result:The lipid extraction efficiency varies depending on the algal species and the cell disruption technique used. Conclusion:In-depth research and development of new techniques are required to further enhance the cell disruption of the algal cell wall for the enhanced recovery of lipids. In addition, the operating costs and energy consumption should also be optimized for the cost-effective recovery.

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A mechanistic study of algal cell disruption and its effect on lipid recovery by solvent extraction

Cited by 80 publications

References 32 publications

Mechanical cell disruption of microalgae for investigating the effects of degree of disruption on hydrocarbon extraction

Mechanical cell disruption of microalgae for investigating the effects of degree of disruption on hydrocarbon extraction

Investigation of the Wet Extraction of Hydrocarbons from a Heterotrophic Microalga, <i>Aurantiochytrium</i> sp. 18W-13a, by Cell Disruption Using a High-pressure Homogenizer

An Insight on Algal Cell Disruption for Biodiesel Production

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