A mechanically robust all-solid-state supercapacitor based on a highly conductive double-network hydrogel electrolyte and Ti₃C₂T_x MXene electrode with anti-freezing property

Abstract

Hydrogels are peculiarly attractive electrolyte materials for constructing flexible and secure all-solid-state supercapacitors due to their mechanical flexibility, ionic conductivity and noninflammability. However, upon severe mechanical stresses, hydrogel electrolyte based...

Energy‐Dissipative and Soften Resistant Hydrogels Based on Chitosan Physical Network: From Construction to Application

“…By means of adjusting the type and concentration of saline solution, a highly ionically conductive and energy‐dissipative CS‐P(AM‐ co ‐AA) DN hydrogel electrolyte was fabricated and further assembled into a mechanically reliable, exceptional‐ performance and anti‐freezing all‐solid‐state supercapacitor (Figure 12). [ 132 ] The hydrogel electrolyte not only possessed effective energy dissipation mechanism to resist external severe mechanical damage, but also displayed eminent ionic conductivity at both room temperature and low temperature (4.8 S·m −1 at RT and 3.6 S·m −1 at –20°C). The combination of high conductive hydrogel electrolyte, intrinsically powerful Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene film electrode and carbon nanotubes film current collector endowed the supercapacitor with impressive areal capacitance (297.1 mF·cm −2 at current density of 0.1 mA·cm −2 ) and outstanding capacitance retention at high current density.…”

“…Structural illustration of mechanically reliable, ultrahigh‐performance and freezing tolerant all‐solid‐state supercapacitor based on highly ionically conductive DN hydrogel electrolyte. [ 132 ] …”

Interlayer-Expanded MoS2 Nanoflowers Vertically Aligned on MXene@Dual-Phased TiO2 as High-Performance Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…Thus, MoS 2 nanoflowers could easily react with functional groups of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene surface to form a hierarchical porous structure. 31 Though MXene is not stable enough and easily oxidizes into TiO 2 and carbon at high temperature or high voltage, 32 carbon could further improve electronic conductivity and TiO 2 derived from MXene shows a blend sodium storage mechanism dominated mainly by pseudocapacitance which essentially enhanced electrons and sodium ions conductivity. 33 In this regard, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene is highly desirable to combine with MoS 2 to synergistically take advantage of these two 2D materials for SIBs as anode material.…”

“…It is composed of transition metal carbides and/or carbonitrides since it was reported for the first time by Naguib et al in 2011. , MXene possesses increasingly high theoretical capacities (first-principles density functional calculations suggested that theoretical capacities were 367.7 mAh g –1 for O-terminated MXene) and high conductivity for SIBs as a result of graphene-like layered composition which promoted the insertion/extraction of ions between layers. − MXene can be obtained by selectively etching the atom layers of mainly Al and Si for an appropriate time of the precursor MAX phase in HF, where M means early transition metal elements, X stands for carbon and/or nitrogen, and T x represents the surface terminations of MXene in the general formula M n +1 X n T x ( n = 1–4), which could reduce Na + diffusion resistance and enhance electronic conductivity in SIBs. − Besides, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene possesses lots of active groups and high chemical catalytic capability. Thus, MoS 2 nanoflowers could easily react with functional groups of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene surface to form a hierarchical porous structure . Though MXene is not stable enough and easily oxidizes into TiO 2 and carbon at high temperature or high voltage, carbon could further improve electronic conductivity and TiO 2 derived from MXene shows a blend sodium storage mechanism dominated mainly by pseudocapacitance which essentially enhanced electrons and sodium ions conductivity .…”

MXene-drivenin situconstruction of hollow core-shelled Co3V2O8@Ti3C2Txnanospheres for high-performance all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors

“…The global warming and energy crises resulting from the excessive consumption of fossil fuels have spurred intensive research on the exploration of high-performance, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage devices. [1][2][3] Supercapacitors, as one type of promising electrochemical energy device, have attracted much attention due to their preeminent power density, ultralong cycle lifetime, and clean features. [4][5][6] Despite the above inherent advantages, their unsatisfactory energy density hinders their large-scale application.…”