A measurement method for determination of dc internal resistance of batteries and supercapacitors

Zhao, Shifeng; Wu, Feng; Yang, Lechen; Gao, Li; Burke, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2009.12.004

Cited by 87 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The internal resistance R s (or DC resistance) (in ) was determined from the IR drop at charging/discharging transitions of potential curve under galvanostatic cycling according to, [65][66][67][68] …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Constituent Materials on Heat Generation in Individual EDLC Electrodes

Munteshari

Lau

Ashby

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This study aims to investigate the effect of electrode composition on heat generation in electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) electrodes under galvanostatic cycling. EDLCs consist of two identical electrodes usually made of a mixture of (i) carbon-based material, (ii) binder, and (iii) other conductive additives. These constituents were found to influence the capacitance and internal resistance of the device and the heat generation rate in the positive and negative electrodes. Indeed, the heat generation rate was measured using an isothermal calorimeter in both electrodes of five EDLC devices with different electrode compositions but the same electrolyte consisting of 1 M LiPF 6 in EC:DMC. The reversible heat generation rates at the positive and negative electrodes were nearly identical in absence of CMC. However, in devices containing CMC, the reversible heat generation rate in the positive electrode was significantly larger than that in the negative electrode. Such asymmetric heating was attributed to asymmetry in the charging mechanism due to the overscreening effect caused by interactions between the anionic functional groups of CMC and the cations at the negative electrode. Electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) have received significant attention in recent years for electrical energy storage applications in particular those requiring rapid charging/discharging, such as regenerative braking in electric vehicles, 1 smart grids, 2 and renewable energy harvesting systems.3-5 Indeed, EDLCs can provide higher power density, higher cycle efficiency, and longer lifetime than batteries. 4,6 EDLC devices consist typically of two carbon-based electrodes partitioned by a separator immersed in aqueous or organic electrolytes. EDLCs store electrical energy in the electrical double layer of ions forming at electrode/electrolyte interface.Heat generation in EDLC is a major concern since these devices are usually cycled under high current density resulting in excessive temperature rise.7 This, in turn, can lead to (i) accelerated cell aging, [8][9][10] (ii) increased self-discharge rates, 9,11 and possibly (iii) electrolyte decomposition and evaporation. 9,12 Heat generation in EDLCs can be classified into irreversible and reversible heat generation rates. 7,[13][14][15][16][17] Irreversible heat generation has been attributed, both theoretically and experimentally, to Joule heating. 7,9,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] It is constant throughout the EDLC cell and equal to the product of the EDLC internal resistance and the square of the imposed current. 7,[14][15][16] On the other hand, reversible heat generation rate in the entire device was theoretically and experimentally found to be exothermic during charging and endothermic during discharging.7,14-16 The time-averaged reversible heat generation over a charging step was shown to be proportional to the imposed current under galvanostatic cycling.7,14-16 Experimentally, reversible heat generation has been assumed to be identical in both the positive and negative e...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Constituent Materials on Heat Generation in Individual EDLC Electrodes

Munteshari

Lau

Ashby

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Three commonly used model structures are compared in terms of accuracy and parameterization effort [3], [6], [9]- [11]. The numerical parameterization effort of the different models and their differences in optimization time are addressed [8], [12]- [18]. Moreover, a simplification of the parameterization for a specific model for a better practical usage is presented [9], [19], [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison, Selection, and Parameterization of Electrical Battery Models for Automotive Applications

Einhorn

Conte

Kral

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

187

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This paper describes the comparison and parameterization process of dynamic battery models for cell and system simulation. Three commonly used equivalent circuit battery models are parameterized using a numeric optimization method and basic electrical tests with a lithium-ion polymer battery cell. The maximum model performance is investigated, and the parameterized models are compared regarding the parameterization effort and the model accuracy. For the model with the best tradeoff between the parametrization effort and the model accuracy, a reasonable simplification of the parameterization process is presented. This model is parameterized with the simplified parameterization process and, finally, validated by using a current profile obtained from an electric vehicle simulation performing a real-life driving cycle.

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“…The maximal energy density E max (in watt-hours per kilogram) and power density P max (in kilowatts per kilogram) values [25][26][27][28][29] were calculated using relations 5 and 6:…”

Section: Time Constants and Energy/power Density Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of carbon aerogel and carbide-derived carbon as electrode materials for non-aqueous supercapacitors with high performance

Laheäär

Peikolainen

Koel

et al. 2012

J Solid State Electrochem

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Two porous carbon materials, one synthesised by pyrolysis of an organic aerogel prepared using solgel method and the other synthesised from molybdenum carbide by high temperature chlorination method, were tested as supercapacitor electrode materials in a nonaqueous tetraalkylammonium salt-based electrolyte. The gravimetric capacitance values calculated for the carbon aerogel (CAG)-based system were almost two times smaller (~55 Fg −1 ) compared to carbide-derived carbon (C(Mo 2 C))-based system (~125 Fg −1 ). However, due to the very wide region of ideal polarizability, 3.6 V for C(Mo 2 C) and 3.8 V for CAG-based test cells, very high energy densities up to 63 Wh kg −1 (34 Wh dm −3 ) and power densities up to 757 kW kg −1 (314 kW dm −3 ) were estimated for these systems, respectively. CAGbased system shows very short characteristic charge/ discharge time constant values (0.05 s).

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A measurement method for determination of dc internal resistance of batteries and supercapacitors

Cited by 87 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of Constituent Materials on Heat Generation in Individual EDLC Electrodes

Effects of Constituent Materials on Heat Generation in Individual EDLC Electrodes

Comparison, Selection, and Parameterization of Electrical Battery Models for Automotive Applications

Comparison of carbon aerogel and carbide-derived carbon as electrode materials for non-aqueous supercapacitors with high performance

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