A measure of expectancies for alcohol analgesia: Preliminary factor analysis, reliability, and validity

LaRowe, Lisa R.; Maisto, Stephen A.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106822

Cited by 17 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“… 115 Consistent with evidence that both prescription opioids and alcohol have acute analgesic effects, the current review provides initial evidence that people who experience chronic pain may view drinking alcohol as a viable approach to pain management 90 or hold expectancies for pain relief from drinking. 92 The review also observed consistent evidence across several studies that pain-related anxiety and pain catastrophizing are associated with alcohol and opioid use among people with chronic pain. 73 , 96 , 102 , 111 Maladaptive cognitive-affective responses to pain may activate escape/avoidance processes, leading to use of alcohol and/or opioids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…In a sample of 273 people who reported chronic pain and current alcohol use, expectancies for analgesia were associated with reporting greater frequency and quantity of alcohol use and identifying coping as a motive for drinking. 92 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 5 Recent validation of the Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia scale provides evidence that people with chronic pain can reliably self-report expectancies for pain relief from alcohol and that perceived likelihood of analgesic effects may motivate greater frequency and/or quantity of drinking. 92 In addition to coping, future research is needed to identify other types of motives and expectancies that may motivate substance use in the context of pain. For example, chronic pain often results in decreased social functioning, and researchers have hypothesized that social drinking motives may be particularly salient as a means of reducing pain-related interference in social functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive-Affective Transdiagnostic Factors Associated With Vulnerability to Alcohol and Prescription Opioid Use in the Context of Pain

Zale

Powers

Ditre

2021

ARCR

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The use of alcohol and prescription opioids is common among people in pain and poses significant public health burdens. This review identifies factors associated with motivation to use alcohol and prescription opioids in the context of pain. Pain-relevant, cognitive-affective, transdiagnostic vulnerability factors—expectancies/motives, pain catastrophizing, pain-related anxiety, distress intolerance, anxiety sensitivity, and perceived interrelations—were selected from theoretical conceptualizations of pain and substance use. Searches conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase returned 25 studies that examined associations between identified variables of interest and the use of alcohol and prescription opioids in the context of pain. Consistent with a larger literature on pain and substance use, the studies included in this review demonstrated that people with chronic pain are motivated to use alcohol and opioids in response to negative affect and hold expectancies/motives for coping with pain. Vulnerabilities that engender difficulty managing aversive internal states (distress intolerance and anxiety sensitivity) and maladaptive responses to pain (pain-related anxiety and pain catastrophizing) also were implicated in motivation for alcohol and opioid use. Although one study found that pain-related anxiety was associated with co-use of alcohol and opioids, no studies examined simultaneous use. Future research directions that can explicate causal associations, identify patterns of alcohol and opioid co-use, clarify the role of pain in cessation processes, and inform treatment development are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive-Affective Transdiagnostic Factors Associated With Vulnerability to Alcohol and Prescription Opioid Use in the Context of Pain

Zale

Powers

Ditre

2021

ARCR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Expectations that alcohol will reduce pain were assessed using an established 5‐item Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia Scale (EAA) 5 . Items were rated on a scale ranging from 0 ( completely unlikely ) to 9 ( completely likely ), and responses were summed to generate a total score (range: 0–45).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol reduction/cessation interventions often target outcome expectancies (i.e., beliefs that a given behavior will lead to specific outcomes), 2 and researchers have recently posited that expectancies for alcohol analgesia (i.e., expectations that drinking alcohol will reduce pain) may also contribute to hazardous drinking 3,4 . One initial study of alcohol users with chronic pain found that higher scores on a measure of expectancies for alcohol analgesia (Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia Scale; EAA) were associated with greater quantity/frequency of alcohol use, even after covarying for other established predictors of alcohol consumption 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Report: Expectancies for alcohol analgesia are associated with greater alcohol use among moderate‐to‐heavy drinkers without chronic pain

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives Expectancies for alcohol analgesia (i.e., expectations that drinking alcohol will reduce pain) have been associated with greater alcohol consumption among individuals with chronic pain, and there is reason to believe that such expectancies may also contribute to drinking behavior among alcohol users without a current chronic pain condition. Therefore, the objective of these analyses was to test associations between a measure of expectancies for alcohol analgesia (EAA) and alcohol use among drinkers without current pain. Method These are secondary analyses of baseline data collected from 200 moderate‐to‐heavy adult drinkers (39% women). Results EAA scores were positively associated with quantity/frequency of drinking, urge to drink, and other alcohol outcome expectancies (ps < .01). Discussion and Conclusions Expectancies that alcohol will reduce pain are associated with heavier drinking among drinkers without pain. Over time, such expectancies may contribute to the development of alcohol use disorder and chronically painful conditions. Scientific Significance This study provides the first evidence that even moderate‐to‐heavy drinkers without chronic pain may still hold expectancies for alcohol analgesia, and that this may be related to greater quantity/frequency of drinking.

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Neural and Psychosocial Mechanisms Underlying Alcohol Use and Pain Interactions: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Directions

Boissoneault,

Stennett-Blackmon,

Gilmour

et al. 2023

Curr Addict Rep

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A measure of expectancies for alcohol analgesia: Preliminary factor analysis, reliability, and validity

Cited by 17 publications

References 62 publications

Cognitive-Affective Transdiagnostic Factors Associated With Vulnerability to Alcohol and Prescription Opioid Use in the Context of Pain

Cognitive-Affective Transdiagnostic Factors Associated With Vulnerability to Alcohol and Prescription Opioid Use in the Context of Pain

Brief Report: Expectancies for alcohol analgesia are associated with greater alcohol use among moderate‐to‐heavy drinkers without chronic pain

Neural and Psychosocial Mechanisms Underlying Alcohol Use and Pain Interactions: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Directions

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