A mean three-dimensional atlas of the human thalamus: Generation from multiple histological data

Krauth, Axel GÃ1⁄4nther; Blanc, Rémi; Poveda, Alejandra; Jeanmonod, Daniel; Morel, Anne; Székely, Gábor

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.10.042

Cited by 307 publications

(348 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although the neonatal thalamus does not have sufficient contrast to identify thalamic nuclei from high-resolution structural MRI and acknowledging that the thalamus changes shape somewhat during development, making direct registration of infant results onto an adult map difficult, we have suggested anatomical locations and therefore, thalamic nuclei by reference to an adult thalamic atlas (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Specialization and integration of functional thalamocortical connectivity in the human infant

Toulmin

Beckmann

O’Muircheartaigh

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

148

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Connections between the thalamus and cortex develop rapidly before birth, and aberrant cerebral maturation during this period may underlie a number of neurodevelopmental disorders. To define functional thalamocortical connectivity at the normal time of birth, we used functional MRI (fMRI) to measure blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in 66 infants, 47 of whom were at high risk of neurocognitive impairment because of birth before 33 wk of gestation and 19 of whom were term infants. We segmented the thalamus based on correlation with functionally defined cortical components using independent component analysis (ICA) and seed-based correlations. After parcellating the cortex using ICA and segmenting the thalamus based on dominant connections with cortical parcellations, we observed a near-facsimile of the adult functional parcellation. Additional analysis revealed that BOLD signal in heteromodal association cortex typically had more widespread and overlapping thalamic representations than primary sensory cortex. Notably, more extreme prematurity was associated with increased functional connectivity between thalamus and lateral primary sensory cortex but reduced connectivity between thalamus and cortex in the prefrontal, insular and anterior cingulate regions. This work suggests that, in early infancy, functional integration through thalamocortical connections depends on significant functional overlap in the topographic organization of the thalamus and that the experience of premature extrauterine life modulates network development, altering the maturation of networks thought to support salience, executive, integrative, and cognitive functions.resting-state fMRI | thalamus | preterm | functional connectivity | cortex T he formation of topographically organized neural connections between cerebral cortex and thalamus is necessary for normal cortical morphogenesis (1), and development of these connections requires thalamocortical projections to synapse transiently in the temporary cortical subplate before penetrating the cortical plate (2-4). In humans, the subplate is at maximal extent in the last trimester of gestation (5), a time of rapid growth for thalamocortical fibers and the cortical dendritic tree, particularly in heteromodal cortex (6, 7). This process has been shown to be disrupted by preterm birth (8). Premature delivery is associated with increased risk of neurocognitive impairment, and it is widely hypothesized that abnormal development of brain structure during this period is the cause of these problems and may also underlie the development of autistic spectrum disorders and attention deficit disorders in genetically predisposed individuals.During the last trimester of pregnancy, functional MRI (fMRI) detects the emergence of coordinated, spontaneous fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals, which are closely linked with the development of electroencephalographic activity (9-11) and develop into a near-facsimile of the mature adult resting-state network architecture by the...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Specialization and integration of functional thalamocortical connectivity in the human infant

Toulmin

Beckmann

O’Muircheartaigh

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

148

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“…There was relative deflation affecting a circumferential strip running in an anterior‐posterior orientation, incomplete inferiorly, with sparing of medial and lateral aspects (Figure 2). The results of the shape analysis are displayed in Figure 3, where they are overlaid on the Morel atlas 22…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamic volume reduction in drug‐naive patients with new‐onset genetic generalized epilepsy

et al. 2017

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SummaryObjectivePatients with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) have subtle morphologic abnormalities of the brain revealed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly in the thalamus. However, it is unclear whether morphologic abnormalities of the brain in GGE are a consequence of repeated seizures over the duration of the disease, or are a consequence of treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), or are independent of these factors. Therefore, we measured brain morphometry in a cohort of AED‐naive patients with GGE at disease onset. We hypothesize that drug‐naive patients at disease onset have gray matter changes compared to age‐matched healthy controls.MethodsWe performed quantitative measures of gray matter volume in the thalamus, putamen, caudate, pallidum, hippocampus, precuneus, prefrontal cortex, precentral cortex, and cingulate in 29 AED‐naive patients with new‐onset GGE and compared them to 32 age‐matched healthy controls. We subsequently compared the shape of any brain structures found to differ in gray matter volume between the groups.ResultsThe thalamus was the only structure to show reduced gray matter volume in AED‐naive patients with new‐onset GGE compared to healthy controls. Shape analysis revealed that the thalamus showed deflation, which was not uniformly distributed, but particularly affected a circumferential strip involving anterior, superior, posterior, and inferior regions with sparing of medial and lateral regions.SignificanceStructural abnormalities in the thalamus are present at the initial onset of GGE in AED‐naive patients, suggesting that thalamic structural abnormality is an intrinsic feature of GGE and not a consequence of AEDs or disease duration.

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“…We found that atrophy in the right pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus (and left, when we accounted for confidence ratings) was associated with lower prosocial giving. The strongest thalamic cluster was centered in the lateral portion of the right medial pulvinar nucleus (Krauth et al., 2010), an area that has strong projections to the insula and anterior cingulate cortex (Benarroch, 2015; Romanski, Giguere, Bates, & Goldman‐Rakic, 1997) and is integral for relaying incoming sensory information to distributed neural systems that support emotion and reward processing. In bvFTD, breakdown in this afferent system may interfere with generosity by hampering patients’ access to internal emotional cues that typically motivate prosocial behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosocial deficits in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia relate to reward network atrophy

et al. 2017

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IntroductionEmpathy and shared feelings of reward motivate individuals to share resources with others when material gain is not at stake. Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects emotion‐ and reward‐relevant neural systems. Although there is diminished empathy and altered reward processing in bvFTD, how the disease impacts prosocial behavior is less well understood.MethodsA total of 74 participants (20 bvFTD, 15 Alzheimer's disease [AD], and 39 healthy controls) participated in this study. Inspired by token‐based paradigms from animal studies, we developed a novel task to measure prosocial giving (the “Giving Game”). On each trial of the Giving Game, participants decided how much money to offer to the experimenter, and prosocial giving was the total amount that participants gave to the experimenter when it cost them nothing to give. Voxel‐based morphometry was then used to identify brain regions that were associated with prosocial giving.ResultsProsocial giving was lower in bvFTD than in healthy controls; prosocial giving in AD did not differ significantly from either of the other groups. Whereas lower prosocial giving was associated with atrophy in the right pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, greater prosocial giving was associated with atrophy in the left ventral striatum.ConclusionThese findings suggest that simple acts of generosity deteriorate in bvFTD due to lateralized atrophy in reward‐relevant neural systems that promote shared feelings of positive affect.

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A mean three-dimensional atlas of the human thalamus: Generation from multiple histological data

Cited by 307 publications

References 49 publications

Specialization and integration of functional thalamocortical connectivity in the human infant

Specialization and integration of functional thalamocortical connectivity in the human infant

Thalamic volume reduction in drug‐naive patients with new‐onset genetic generalized epilepsy

Prosocial deficits in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia relate to reward network atrophy

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