A mathematical model for the study of lipid accumulation in oleaginous microorganisms. I. Lipid accumulation during growth of <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> CBS 172-27 on a vegetable oil

Lipids of oleaginous yeasts. Part I: Biochemistry of single cell oil production

“…It is evident that the number of microorganisms that are capable to consume soaps and free-fatty acids is higher, since culture on these materials is done regardless of the lipolytic capacity of the microorganism used. In contrast, the microorganisms that are able to proceed with TAG or fatty-esters break-down, should obligatory possess an active lipase system into their enzymatic arsenal [8,17,122,129,130]. As far as the yeast Y. lipolytica is concerned, in various reports in the past years it was considered as a non-oleaginous microorganism, since it had been assumed as ineffectual of accumulating significant lipid quantities from sugars or similarly metabolized compounds during submerged growth in nitrogen-limited media [20].…”

“…The fatty materials utilized as substrate from the oleaginous strains may be vegetable oils [33,37,119,122,129,130,134], fatty esters (methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, or vinyl-esters of fatty acids) [21], soap-stocks [120], pure free-fatty acids [117,118,126,127], industrial fats composed of free-fatty acids of animal or vegetable origin [25,40,124,125,133] and crude fish oils [38,39,108]. In the case of the growth of …”

“…Principal biochemical differences exist between de novo and ex novo lipid biosynthesis; in the later case, lipid accumulation occurs simultaneously with cell growth, being entirely independent from nitrogen exhaustion from the culture medium [25,40,122,[129][130][131]134]. When fats or other hydrophobic materials are utilized as the sole carbon and energy source, accumulation of reserve lipid is a growthcoupled process [25,40,129,131] in which lipid is accumulated simultaneously with lipid-free material formation in the presence of assimilable nitrogen into the culture medium.…”

“…When fats or other hydrophobic materials are utilized as the sole carbon and energy source, accumulation of reserve lipid is a growthcoupled process [25,40,129,131] in which lipid is accumulated simultaneously with lipid-free material formation in the presence of assimilable nitrogen into the culture medium. A pattern of lipid accumulation kinetics in an oleaginous microorganism during growth on fat-based media (is presented in Fig.…”

Lipids of oleaginous yeasts. Part II: Technology and potential applications

“…Storage lipid accumulation occurs during primary metabolic growth when fatty materials are used as substrate and therefore after the exhaustion of the substrate fat the culture environment is still favorable for growth [96,97,105]. For this reason, in all cases in which kinetic studies have been performed on fatty substrates lipid accumulated was always re-consumed in favor of lipid-free material generation regardless of the fatty acid composition of the fat used as substrate [39,89,[104][105][106][107][108].…”