A material-saving and robust approach for obtaining accurate out-of-die powder compressibility

Hirschberg, Cosima; Paul, Shubhajit; Rantanen, Jukka; Sun, Changquan Calvin

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2019.11.004

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The stress relaxation test and out-of-die SRS index are practice tests that can be performed with conventional equipment. Considering the result of Katz and Buckner, 21) Desbois et al, 36) our results reflect both the viscoelastic and viscoplastic behaviors of the raw material, based on the relationship between the elasticity/ viscosity ratio and the out-of-die SRS obtained from stress relaxation tests. Our approach is practical because the tableting speed-dependent deformation characteristics specific to APIs can be easily determined by appropriate testing, even for a powder mixture of APIs and excipients.…”

Section: Relationship Of Viscoelasticity To Srs Of Api-containingmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Katz and Buckner reported that SRS based on the indentation creep test is less sensitive to the raw material's elastic behavior and particle size. 21) Furthermore, the test does not require a highspeed compression test for evaluation to be performed more quickly than when using conventional methods. Desbois et al…”

Section: Elasticity Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16) Heckel analysis is also known as the in-die method ("at-pressure method") 2,[17][18][19] and out-of-die method ("zero-pressure method"). 20,21) The in-die method requires a sensor to measure the punch displacement and compression force simultaneously, and it is essential to accurately measure the height of the powder bed in the die. Elastic deformation of the equipment must also be considered during compaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Katz and Buckner proposed a method for generating accurate compressibility and compactibility profiles from in-die data of tablets manufactured at two levels of compression pressure and from changes in the solid fraction of ejected tablets. 21) Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) is used to evaluate the ratedependent compression behavior of powders from Heckel analysis at two tableting speeds. 23) Both Heckel analysis and the SRS index are commonly used to evaluate compression properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterization of Tableting Speed-Dependent Deformation Properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Powder Mixtures Using Out-of-Die Method

et al. 2021

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Section: Relationship Of Viscoelasticity To Srs Of Api-containingmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Elasticity Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of Tableting Speed-Dependent Deformation Properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Powder Mixtures Using Out-of-Die Method

et al. 2021

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“…After ejection, the tablet density changes due to the elastic recovery. Hirschberg et al developed an approach to predict the out-die density ρ out-die based on the data of two tablets compressed at high and low compression stresses [ 45 ]. Therefore, the measured densities at maximum stress ρ P,max , at zero axial stress ρ P ,0 , and out-of-die ρ out-die are used.…”

Section: Agent-based Simulation Model For the Tableting Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Modeling and Simulation of Tableting—An Agent-Based Simulation Methodology for Direct Compression

et al. 2021

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In pharmaceutical manufacturing, the utmost aim is reliably producing high quality products. Simulation approaches allow virtual experiments of processes in the planning phase and the implementation of digital twins in operation. The industrial processing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) into tablets requires the combination of discrete and continuous sub-processes with complex interdependencies regarding the material structures and characteristics. The API and excipients are mixed, granulated if required, and subsequently tableted. Thereby, the structure as well as the properties of the intermediate and final product are influenced by the raw materials, the parametrized processes and environmental conditions, which are subject to certain fluctuations. In this study, for the first time, an agent-based simulation model is presented, which enables the prediction, tracking, and tracing of resulting structures and properties of the intermediates of an industrial tableting process. Therefore, the methodology for the identification and development of product and process agents in an agent-based simulation is shown. Implemented physical models describe the impact of process parameters on material structures. The tablet production with a pilot scale rotary press is experimentally characterized to provide calibration and validation data. Finally, the simulation results, predicting the final structures, are compared to the experimental data.

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Evaluation of Deformation Behavior and Fast Elastic Recovery of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes via Direct Roll‐Gap Detection During Calendering

et al. 2022

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Calendering is the state‐of‐the‐art process for electrode compaction in lithium‐ion battery manufacturing through which the final electrode structure is defined. As the electrode structure determines the electrical und electrochemical transport properties, it is essential to develop a deep understanding of the interdependence between the calendering process and the deformation behavior of the electrodes. Therefore, a novel method for the investigation of the deformation behavior of electrodes, especially the springback (SB) effect, through direct‐gap detection within the calendering machine, is developed. With this installation, it is possible to directly access the maximum compression of the electrodes during calendering. With this approach, two different variations of cathodes, a variation of mass loading and a variation of binder weight content, based on lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC622), are manufactured and investigated. Moreover, an empirical model is introduced, allowing the estimation of the SB for NMC622 cathodes considering different mass loadings and cathode compositions. Due to more space for particle rearrangement, cathodes with higher mass loading show a lower SB effect. Adding binder leads to higher plastic deformation and thus lowers also the SB effect of the electrodes.

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A material-saving and robust approach for obtaining accurate out-of-die powder compressibility

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Characterization of Tableting Speed-Dependent Deformation Properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Powder Mixtures Using Out-of-Die Method

Characterization of Tableting Speed-Dependent Deformation Properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Powder Mixtures Using Out-of-Die Method

Process Modeling and Simulation of Tableting—An Agent-Based Simulation Methodology for Direct Compression

Evaluation of Deformation Behavior and Fast Elastic Recovery of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes via Direct Roll‐Gap Detection During Calendering

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