A massive protocluster of galaxies at a redshift of z ≈ 5.3

Capak, P.; Riechers, Dominik A.; Scoville, N. Z.; Carilli, C. L.; Cox, P.; Neri, R.; Robertson, Brant; Salvato, M.; Schinnerer, E.; Yan, Lin; Wilson, Grant; Yun, Min S.; Civano, F.; Elvis, M.; Karim, A.; Mobasher, Bahram; Staguhn, Johannes

doi:10.1038/nature09681

Cited by 303 publications

(403 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Several protoclusters have been found at z > 2 with overdensities of galaxies extending tens of Mpc across e.g. (Venemans et al 2007;Carilli et al 2011;Casey et al 2015;Capak et al 2011). …”

Section: Ulasj1234+0907: a Significant Overdensity Of Millimetre Brigmentioning

confidence: 99%

The discovery of gas-rich, dusty starbursts in luminous reddened quasars atz∼ 2.5 with ALMA

Banerji

Carilli

Jones

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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We present ALMA observations of cold dust and molecular gas in four high-luminosity, heavily reddened (A V ∼ 2.5 − 6 mag) Type 1 quasars at z ∼ 2.5 with virial M BH ∼ 10 10 M , to test whether dusty, massive quasars represent the evolutionary link between submillimetre bright galaxies (SMGs) and unobscured quasars. All four quasars are detected in both the dust continuum and in the 12 CO(3-2) line. The mean dust mass is 6×10 8 M assuming a typical high redshift quasar spectral energy distribution (T=41K, β=1.95 or T=47K, β=1.6). The implied star formation rates are very high -1000 M yr −1 in all cases. Gas masses estimated from the CO line luminosities cover ∼1-5×10 10 (α CO /0.8)M and the gas depletion timescales are very short -∼ 5 − 20Myr. A range of gas-to-dust ratios is observed in the sample. We resolve the molecular gas in one quasar -ULASJ2315+0143 (z = 2.561) -which shows a strong velocity gradient over ∼20 kpc. The velocity field is consistent with a rotationally supported gas disk but other scenarios, e.g. mergers, cannot be ruled out at the current resolution of these data. In another quasar -ULASJ1234+0907 (z = 2.503) -we detected molecular line emission from two millimetre bright galaxies within 200 kpc of the quasar, suggesting that this quasar resides in a significant over-density. The high detection rate of both cold dust and molecular gas in these sources, suggests that reddened quasars could correspond to an early phase in massive galaxy formation associated with large gas reservoirs and significant star formation.

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Section: Ulasj1234+0907: a Significant Overdensity Of Millimetre Brigmentioning

confidence: 99%

The discovery of gas-rich, dusty starbursts in luminous reddened quasars atz∼ 2.5 with ALMA

Banerji

Carilli

Jones

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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“…Thus the DSFGs seen in GN20 are likely the galaxies that will evolve in to brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). Capak et al (2011) examined the COSMOS data set, and found four galaxies at z ∼ 5.3, all centered around an extreme starburst originally detected with the AzTEC camera at 1.1 mm, COSMOS AzTEC-3 (Younger et al, 2007). The system has an inferred star formation rate of ∼ 1500 M yr −1 , and within 2 Mpc of the starburst, there are 11 objects with luminosities greater than L * .…”

Section: Environments Of Dsfgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scott et al, 2008;Aretxaga et al, 2011) and has been responsible for the discovery of some of the highest redshift SMGs known around z ≈ 5 (e.g. Capak et al, 2011).…”

Section: Aztec 2005-presentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dusty star-forming galaxies at high redshift

2014

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Far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength surveys have now established the important role of dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) in the assembly of stellar mass and the evolution of massive galaxies in the Universe. The brightest of these galaxies have infrared luminosities in excess of 10 13 L with implied star-formation rates of thousands of solar masses per year. They represent the most intense starbursts in the Universe, yet many are completely optically obscured. Their easy detection at submm wavelengths is due to dust heated by ultraviolet radiation of newly forming stars. When summed up, all of the dusty, star-forming galaxies in the Universe produce an infrared radiation field that has an equal energy density as the direct starlight emission from all galaxies visible at ultraviolet and optical wavelengths. The bulk of this infrared extragalactic background light emanates from galaxies as diverse as gas-rich disks to mergers of intense starbursting galaxies. Major advances in far-infrared instrumentation in recent years, both spacebased and ground-based, has led to the detection of nearly a million DSFGs, yet our understanding of the underlying astrophysics that govern the start and end of the dusty starburst phase is still in nascent stage. This review is aimed at summarizing the current status of DSFG studies, focusing especially on the detailed characterization of the bestunderstood subset (submillimeter galaxies, who were summarized in the last review of this field over a decade ago, Blain et al. 2002), but also the selection and characterization of more recently discovered DSFG populations. We review DSFG population statistics, their physical properties including dust, gas and stellar contents, their environments, and current theoretical models related to the formation and evolution of these galaxies.

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“…(See, for example, Falder et al [2011] and Capak et al [2011], who find two galaxies in the z ¼ 5:3 cluster bright enough to be detected by SERVS at 4.5 μm.) For comparison, the largest structures seen in the Millennium simulation at z ∼ 1 are of the order of 100 Mpc (Springel et al 2005), which subtends 3°at that redshift, so each SERVS field samples a wide range of environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%