A Marine Isotope Stage 4 age for Pleistocene raised beach deposits near Fethard, southern Ireland

Abstract

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Eskers in a complete, wet-based glacial system in the Phlegra Montes region, Mars

“…The Blackhall Till succeeds dated units of the Courtmacsherry Formation raised beach (Gallagher et al, 2015) and, therefore, was deposited in MIS 2. Hence, the Blackhall Till represents the earliest regional ice margin to have stabilised above the high RSL following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).…”

“…However, large engineering projects have revealed that the channel of the lower Suir is underlain by glaciofluvial deposits, up to 20 m thick, of clayey sands, gravels and boulders (Phillips et al, 2012). All Pleistocene glacigenic deposits in southeastern Ireland were laid down in the last glaciation (Warren, 1985;Gallagher and Thorp, 1997;Hegarty, 2004;O'Cofaigh et al, 2012;Gallagher et al, 2015) during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005: MIS 2, 14-29 ka;MIS 3, 29-57 ka;MIS 4, 57-71 ka). The glaciofluvial landforms of the Suir valley indicate that it was an arterial conduit for glacial meltwaters (Orme, 1964), which became confluent in Waterford Harbour with This article is protected by copyright.…”

“…the end of stadials and in Heinrich Events (Wright and Muff, 1904;Scourse et al, 2009;O'Cofaigh et al, 2012;Gallagher et al, 2015). Hence, glacial-to-interglacial RSL variation has been minimized by glacio-isostatic depression of the Irish crust, e.g.…”

“…Hence, glacial-to-interglacial RSL variation has been minimized by glacio-isostatic depression of the Irish crust, e.g. achieving marine transgressions in southeastern Ireland of up to 5 m in the MIS 4-3 transition (Gallagher et al, 2015) when glacio-eustatic sea level was 40 -70 m lower than present (Siddall et al, 2008). Consequently, it is likely that marine baselevel has consistently been at or above present sea level during the periods of greatest ice sheet melting in interstadials and in the lead up to the last termination (LGM to T1), including the retreat stage bracketed in time by the deposition of the submerged moraine on the continental shelf (Gallagher et al, 2004) and the emplacement of the Blackhall Till limit across the northern part of Waterford Harbour.…”

“…the continental shelf, before bisecting a submerged complex of morainic boulder ridges in water depths of >56 m. This landform assemblage represents large (up to 10 4 m 3 .s -1 ) glaciofluvial discharges from the interior of Ireland to an ice margin located on the Irish continental shelf, during an interval of low relative sea level in the last glacial (Gallagher et al, 2015). While the >1 km-scale pool-sequence of the lower Suir is too large to reflect present-day discharges, it may, then, be consistent in scale with formation by discharges of the same high magnitude as those responsible for the incision of the submerged palaeochannel.…”