A manual of the penicillia, by Kenneth B. Raper and Charles Thom; with the technical assistance and illus. by Dorothy I. Fennel.

Raper, Kenneth B.; Thom, Charles

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.4993

Cited by 84 publications

(155 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, the close connection between P. rubrum Grassberger-Stoll sensu Biourge and P. rubens was also noted by Thom (1930: 250) who assigned the former species to P. rubens . In conclusion, La Touche used Biourge’s taxonomic scheme and identified Fleming’s strain as P. rubrum Grassberger-Stoll (as defined by Biourge) and this identification was accurate at that time and not incorrect as claimed in literature (Thom 1945, Raper & Thom 1949, Lax 2005). Furthermore, Biourge (1923) wrote in his description of P. rubrum that the species was a common laboratory contaminant (“.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fleming’s penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens

Frisvad²,

2011

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Penicillium chrysogenum is a commonly occurring mould in indoor environments and foods, and has gained much attention for its use in the production of the antibiotic penicillin. Phylogenetic analysis of the most important penicillin producing P. chrysogenum isolates revealed the presence of two highly supported clades, and we show here that these two clades represent two species, P. chrysogenum and P. rubens. These species are phenotypically similar, but extrolite analysis shows that P. chrysogenum produces secalonic acid D and F and/or a metabolite related to lumpidin, while P. rubens does not produce these metabolites. Fleming’s original penicillin producing strain and the full genome sequenced strain of P. chrysogenum are re-identified as P. rubens. Furthermore, the well-known claim that Alexander Fleming misidentified the original penicillin producing strain as P. rubrum is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fleming’s penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens

Frisvad²,

2011

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“…Later, Raper & Thom (1949) subdivided the group into the P. luteum series, P. duclauxii series, P. funiculosum series, P. purpurogenum series, P. rugulosum series and P. herquei series. This grouping is inconsistent with our phylogenetic analysis of the biverticillate group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and nomenclature of the genus Talaromyces and taxa accommodated in Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium

Samson¹,

Yılmaz²,

Houbraken³

et al. 2011

Studies in Mycology

377

297

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The taxonomic history of anamorphic species attributed to Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium is reviewed, along with evidence supporting their relationship with teleomorphic species classified in Talaromyces. To supplement previous conclusions based on ITS, SSU and/or LSU sequencing that Talaromyces and subgenus Biverticillium comprise a monophyletic group that is distinct from Penicillium at the generic level, the phylogenetic relationships of these two groups with other genera of Trichocomaceae was further studied by sequencing a part of the RPB1 (RNA polymerase II largest subunit) gene. Talaromyces species and most species of Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium sensu Pitt reside in a monophyletic clade distant from species of other subgenera of Penicillium. For detailed phylogenetic analysis of species relationships, the ITS region (incl. 5.8S nrDNA) was sequenced for the available type strains and/or representative isolates of Talaromyces and related biverticillate anamorphic species. Extrolite profiles were compiled for all type strains and many supplementary cultures. All evidence supports our conclusions that Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium is distinct from other subgenera in Penicillium and should be taxonomically unified with the Talaromyces species that reside in the same clade. Following the concepts of nomenclatural priority and single name nomenclature, we transfer all accepted species of Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium to Talaromyces. A holomorphic generic diagnosis for the expanded concept of Talaromyces, including teleomorph and anamorph characters, is provided. A list of accepted Talaromyces names and newly combined Penicillium names is given. Species of biotechnological and medical importance, such as P. funiculosum and P. marneffei, are now combined in Talaromyces. Excluded species and taxa that need further taxonomic study are discussed. An appendix lists other generic names, usually considered synonyms of Penicillium sensu lato that were considered prior to our adoption of the name Talaromyces.Taxonomic novelties:Taxonomic novelties: New species – Talaromyces apiculatus Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, sp. nov. New combinations and names – Talaromyces aculeatus (Raper & Fennell) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. albobiverticillius (H.-M. Hsieh, Y.-M. Ju & S.-Y. Hsieh) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. allahabadensis (B.S. Mehrotra & D. Kumar) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. aurantiacus (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Samson, Yilmaz, & Frisvad, T. boninensis (Yaguchi & Udagawa) Samson, Yilmaz, & Frisvad, T. brunneus (Udagawa) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. calidicanius (J.L. Chen) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. cecidicola (Seifert, Hoekstra & Frisvad) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. coalescens (Quintan.) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. dendriticus (Pitt) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. diversus (Raper & Fennell) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. duclauxii (Delacr.) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. echinosporus (Nehira) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, comb. nov. T. erythromellis (A.D....

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“…This does not appear to be so, and there is some evidence that a high proportion of persons with sickle-cell trait may be maintained in various African populations by virtue of their greater resistance to parasitic infection (Raper, 1949), particularly to malarial infection (Brain, 1952;Beet, 1946;Allison, 1954). Allison's data for Luo tribesmen in East Africa indicates that possession of the sickle-cell trait is pro-ective against Plasinodium falciparum infec-tion in particular.…”

Section: Foetal Haemoglobm In Sickle-cell Anaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Varieties of Human Haemoglobin in Health and Disease

White¹,

Beaven²

1954

Journal of Clinical Pathology

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A manual of the penicillia, by Kenneth B. Raper and Charles Thom; with the technical assistance and illus. by Dorothy I. Fennel.

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Fleming’s penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens

Fleming’s penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens

Phylogeny and nomenclature of the genus Talaromyces and taxa accommodated in Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium

A Review of the Varieties of Human Haemoglobin in Health and Disease

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