A Mannan Produced by Saccharomyces Rouxii

Gorin, Philip A.J.; Perlin, A. S.

doi:10.1139/v56-232

Cited by 83 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Oxidation of fraction IVa with 4 moles of periodate a t room temperat~~re for 10 h gave a product which had the same mobility and color reactions on paper chromatograms as 2,3-di-0-methyl-L-arabinose. The syrupy product crystallized when seeded with an authentic sample of 3,4-di-0-methyl-~-manr1ose (21). Recrystallized from ethyl acetate, it had n1.p.…”

Section: Imetkylation Of Galactoma?znans 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Water-Soluble Polysaccharides of Dermatophytes: V. Galactomannans Ii From Trichophyton Granulosum, Trichophyton Interdigitale, Microsporum Quinckeanum, Trichophyton Rubrum, and Trichophyton Schönleinii

Bishop¹,

Perry²,

Blank³

et al. 1966

Can. J. Chem.

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I t was reported earlier that each of five derlllatophytes had a similar pattern of watersoluble polysaccharides, specifically, two galactoinanilans and a glucan (I). The previous paper in this series described the properties and gross structural features of one group of the galactornannans (called galactomannan I) (2).The present paper describes the separation of the three groups of polysaccllarides and reports the properties and gross structural features of the second group of galactomailnans (called galactomannan 11) from Trichopkyton granuloszlm Sabouraud, 1909, Trichophyton interdigitale Priestley, 1917 Guiart and Grigorakis, 1928, I'rickophyton r z~b r u m (Castellani) Sabouraud, 1911, and Trichoplzyton schonleinii (Lebert) Langeron and h~Iilochevitch, 1930. Crude polysaccharides were extracted from powdered cells of the organisills in yields of 5-10% as described previously for T . granulosz~m (3). The procedure \vas designed to yield pol>-saccharide preparations which were free of lipid and protein.T h e airn of this continuing program is to relate structures to serological properties in the polysaccharides from dermatophytes. The presence of any contatniilating lipid or protein, bound or free, could interfere in the serological tests and cause difficulties in interpreting the results of structural studies. The crude polysaccharides \\-ere resolved into t~o galacton~ailnails and a glucan by the procedure shown in Reaction Scheme 1. Addition of Fehling solution to aqueous solutions of the crude polysaccharides precipitated galactomannans I as insoluble copper coinplexes (2). The polysaccharides ~vhich were soluble in Fehling solution were recovered and lIssiled as N.R.C. No. 9108.

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Section: Imetkylation Of Galactoma?znans 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Water-Soluble Polysaccharides of Dermatophytes: V. Galactomannans Ii From Trichophyton Granulosum, Trichophyton Interdigitale, Microsporum Quinckeanum, Trichophyton Rubrum, and Trichophyton Schönleinii

Bishop¹,

Perry²,

Blank³

et al. 1966

Can. J. Chem.

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“…I t is reasonable to consider overoxidation of this s~tbstailce possible since it seeins characteristic of yeast mannaiis to have a sigiiificailt proportion of their man~iose units (3lIU) 1inl;ed gl~~cosidically a t carbon-2 and/or cai-bon-3 (2)(3)(4)(5). If in a reduciiig encl position, such units are 1;iiown to be susceptible to overoxiclation (3)(4)(5).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…If in a reduciiig encl position, such units are 1;iiown to be susceptible to overoxiclation (3)(4)(5). Phosphate gro~lps in sugar phosphates (6) aiid in a polyril~ose phosphate (7) do not cause overoxiclation unless tlie position of the phosphate l.csults in formatio~i of a n active metlij7lc1~e group (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Periodate-Oxidized Phosphomannan Y-2448: Structural Significance of Its Reaction With Alkali

Jeanes¹,

Watson²

1962

Can. J. Chem.

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Informatioli regarding branching in this macromolecular polysaccliariclc derivative was not established. 'l'lie periodate-oxidatiori product i~eutralized dilute allcali rapidly a t p H 8.5-10.0, with climination of about :30yG of the phosphorus a s inorganic orthophosphate. :\bol~t 80'ji inorganic orthophosphate \\.as obtained b y longer treatment a t pI-I 10.1-10.5. Thcse observations arc shown to support t h e hypothesis t h a t diesterorthophosphatc groups (0.30 mole/molc mannosc u~~i t ) arc held betwecn carbon-6 of units othcr\\~ise linked only through carbon-1, and carbon-1 o l 60% of the carbon-2-1inl:ed units. After pcriodatc oxidation, botll phosphoester bontls m a y undergo p-alclehydo elimination by alkali; the unit having phosphatc in hemiacctal linlcagc ancl a mantiositlic attachment a T carbon-2 is presented as t h e more rcactivc site. Pcriotlnte oritlation also prorll~rcs sites for B-deallcosylation by allcali.'The esocellular polysacc1iaride derivative syntliesizecl by the yeast Ha?zsen~~la holskii NIiRL Y-2448 a i d isolated as the neutral potassium salt has tlie constituents D-mannose, phosphorus, and potassium in tlie ratio of 5 : 1 : 1 (1). This pliosplioiiiannan is sensitive to overoxidatioi~ by sodium inetaperiodate unless the reaction is conducted in tlie colc!; after neutralization of the formic acid liberated, the oxidized p r o d~~c t shows activit)~ with nlild al1;ali ~iiiusual for a polysacc1iaricle. we have souglit a n explanation for these behaviors i l l relation to the structure of phospliomaiinan Y-2448.I t is reasonable to consider overoxidation of this s~tbstailce possible since it seeins characteristic of yeast mannaiis to have a sigiiificailt proportion of their man~iose units (3lIU) 1inl;ed gl~~cosidically a t carbon-2 and/or cai-bon-3 (2-5). If in a reduciiig encl position, such units are 1;iiown to be susceptible to overoxiclation (3-5). Phosphate gro~lps in sugar phosphates (6) aiid in a polyril~ose phosphate (7) do not cause overoxiclation unless tlie position of the phosphate l.csults in formatio~i of a n active metlij7lc1~e group (6).There are indications in the literature, however, that the pl-esence of phosphate gi-oups might be involved ill the l~igli activity of periodate-oxidized phospliomannan with a1l;ali. Phosphates of p-aldeliydo alcoliols reaclily undergo phosphate elimination by mild alkali (8). Possibly closer pal-allels are pi-ovided by the smooth p-elimination, undei-mild alltalilie conditions, of tlie phosphate moiety from dialclehydes produced by periodate oxidation of substances such as ribonucleoside-5'-phosphate (9) and bj-the adaptation of this procedure to oligo-and poly-nucleotides (9, 10).Pi-eviously a fading e~icl poilit during alkaline titi-ation for formic acid in periodateoxidation solutions of carbohydrates usually has been associated with tlie presence of 0-foriiiyl esters derived from I-educing end groups (11-I.?), although other iiitei-pretations have been made (14, 15). 0-Formyl groups appear to be excluded as the source of "ester" acid...

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“…The results in Table IV show that each of the components have 2,3,3,4,2,3,and 2, but no 2,4,6-tri-O-methyl mannitol.…”

Section: Properties Of Mannanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Wall Composition of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii after a Shift to a High Concentration of NaCl.

Katohda

Taniguchi

Sumi

et al. 1991

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry

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Weexaminedthe changeof the compositionof the cell wall polysaccharides prepared from cells of the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomycesrouxii grown in two media containing 20%NaCl and 0%NaCl.Comparative analysis of their walls showedthat the wall obtainedfromsalt-free medium had greater quantities of alkali-insoluble fraction and smaller quantities of mannanthan the walls obtained from 20%NaClmedium.The alkali-insoluble fractions from the cell walls obtained from salt-free mediumcontained a large amountof glucosamineand a smaller amount of linear /M,3-glucosidic linkage than the fractions from the cell walls obtained from 20% Nap medium. Structural analyses showed that the mannans from each cell wall contained an a-l,6-mannbsidic linked backbone to which single mannoseand mannobiose units were connected as side chains by a-l,2-mannosidic linkages. However, when cells were grown in the presence of 20% NaCl, the side chains of the mannans consisting of a mannobiose unit were largely reduced.These results indicated that the structure of alkali-insoluble glucan and mannanwere greatly affected by the presence of NaCl in the final medium.It is well known that Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, a salt-tolerant yeast, is important for the fermentation of shoyu and miso. It has been reported that the shape ofZ. rouxii cells change from spherical to spheroidal with an increase in NaClconcentration of the mediumand the chemical structure of cell walls may play some role in the regulation of the shape of cells under the salt-stress condition.1>2) In spite of many investigations on the structure of the cell wall mannans from Z. rouxii,2~5) there has been no report on the comparison of the other carbohydrate composition of the cell walls under the salt-stress conditions. The purpose of this paper was to compare the chemical composition and the structure of cell wall polysaccharides obtained from cells of Z. rouxii before and after a shift to the presence of 20% NaCl and to the absence ofNaCl. Materials and MethodsOrganisms and culture methods.Zygosaccharomyces 2757 rouxii IFO-505wasmaintained in a refrigerator on an agar slant containing (w/v) yeast extract (1%), peptone (1%), glucose (2%) (YEPD), and NaCl (18%). First, the cells were transferred to YEPD-agar medium with or without 20% NaCl, and cultivated at 30°C for 3 days. For preculture, the cells were transferred from the agar media to YEPDmedium with (20% NaCl medium) or without salt (salt-free medium), in a test tube conaining 10ml of the medium, and cultivated at 30°C for 48hr. The cells obtained were washed with the same fresh medium, separately, and transferred, with an inoculum size of 105 cells per ml, to 100ml of salt-free medium and 20% NaCl medium in 500-ml conical flasks. Late exponential phase cultures were washed by centrifugation (620 x g, 5min), and shifted to salt-free medium or 20% NaCl medium by adding an equal density of cells. All liquid cultivations were done at 30°C on a rotary shaker (220rpm, 6-cm amplitude).Growth was monitored by measuring the optical den...

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A Mannan Produced by Saccharomyces Rouxii

Cited by 83 publications

References 3 publications

The Water-Soluble Polysaccharides of Dermatophytes: V. Galactomannans Ii From Trichophyton Granulosum, Trichophyton Interdigitale, Microsporum Quinckeanum, Trichophyton Rubrum, and Trichophyton Schönleinii

The Water-Soluble Polysaccharides of Dermatophytes: V. Galactomannans Ii From Trichophyton Granulosum, Trichophyton Interdigitale, Microsporum Quinckeanum, Trichophyton Rubrum, and Trichophyton Schönleinii

Periodate-Oxidized Phosphomannan Y-2448: Structural Significance of Its Reaction With Alkali

Cell Wall Composition of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii after a Shift to a High Concentration of NaCl.

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