A manikin-based observational study on cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills at the Osaka Senri medical rally

Kobayashi, Masatoshi; Fujiwara, Akira; Morita, Hiroshi; Nishimoto, Yasuhisa; Mishima, Takayuki; Nitta, Masahiko; Hayashi, Toshimasa; Hotta, Toshihiro; Hayashi, Yasuyuki; Hachisuka, Eisou; Satô, Kenji

doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2008.03.230

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For this reason all patients in [52][53][54] Once chest compressions have been started, a trained rescuer should deliver rescue breaths by mouth-to-mouth or bag-mask to provide oxygenation and ventilation, as follows:…”

Section: Chest Compressionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Berg¹,

Robin²,

Abella³

et al. 2010

Circulation

700

495

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Basic life support (BLS) is the foundation for saving lives following cardiac arrest. Fundamental aspects of BLS include immediate recognition of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and activation of the emergency response system, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and rapid defibrillation with an automated external defibrillator (AED). Initial recognition and response to heart attack and stroke are also considered part of BLS. This section presents the 2010 adult BLS guidelines for lay rescuers and healthcare providers. Key changes and continued points of emphasis from the 2005 BLS Guidelines include the following:• Immediate recognition of SCA based on assessing unresponsiveness and absence of normal breathing (ie, the victim is not breathing or only gasping) Despite important advances in prevention, SCA continues to be a leading cause of death in many parts of the world. 1 SCA has many etiologies (ie, cardiac or noncardiac causes), circumstances (eg, witnessed or unwitnessed), and settings (eg, out-of-hospital or in-hospital). This heterogeneity suggests that a single approach to resuscitation is not practical, but a core set of actions provides a universal strategy for achieving successful resuscitation. These actions are termed the links in the "Chain of Survival." For adults they include When these links are implemented in an effective way, survival rates can approach 50% following witnessed out-ofhospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) arrest. 2 Unfortunately survival rates in many out-of-hospital and in-hospital settings fall far short of this figure. For example, survival rates following cardiac arrest due to VF vary from approximately 5% to 50% in both out-of-hospital and in-hospital settings. 3,4 This variation in outcome underscores the opportunity for improvement in many settings.Recognition of cardiac arrest is not always straightforward, especially for laypersons. Any confusion on the part of a rescuer can result in a delay or failure to activate the emergency response system or to start CPR. Precious time is lost if bystanders are too confused to act. Therefore, these adult BLS Guidelines focus on recognition of cardiac arrest with an appropriate set of rescuer actions. Once the lay bystander recognizes that the victim is unresponsive, that bystander must immediately activate (or send someone to activate) the emergency response system. Once the healthcare provider recognizes that the victim is unresponsive with no breathing or no normal breathing (ie, only gasping) the healthcare provider will activate the emergency response system. After activation, rescuers should immediately begin CPR.Early CPR can improve the likelihood of survival, and yet CPR is often not provided until the arrival of professional emergency responders. 5 Chest compressions are an especially critical component of CPR because perfusion during CPR

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Section: Chest Compressionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Berg¹,

Robin²,

Abella³

et al. 2010

Circulation

700

495

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Evidence from 1 observational, adult manikin LOE 5 study 181 shows that starting with 30 compressions rather than 2 ventilations leads to a shorter delay to first compression.…”

Section: Consensus On Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Sayre¹,

Koster²,

Botha³

et al. 2010

Circulation

151

136

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“…89,90 Compared with the previous review in 2010, this review also identified 3 new studies that were included for analysis. 87,88,90 Overall, the reviewers had serious concerns for trial methodology of included studies.…”

Section: Consensus On Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the important outcome of time to commencement of chest compressions, we identified very-low-quality evidence from 1 randomized manikin study 88 89 All studies were downgraded due to risk of bias. All studies found that C-A-B decreased the time to commencement of chest compression.…”

Section: Consensus On Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…87,88,90 Overall, the reviewers had serious concerns for trial methodology of included studies. The nature of comparing 2 different resuscitation protocols meant that all studies suffered from performance and detection bias because healthcare professionals were not blinded to the intervention (C-A-B versus A-B-C).For the important outcome of time to commencement of chest compressions, we identified very-low-quality evidence from 1 randomized manikin study 88 89 All studies were downgraded due to risk of bias. All studies found that C-A-B decreased the time to commencement of chest compression.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Part 3: Adult Basic Life Support and Automated External Defibrillation

Travers¹,

Perkins²,

Berg³

et al. 2015

Circulation

234

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Introduction This Part of the 2015 International Consensus on Cardiopul monary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) Science With Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) presents the consensus on science and treatment recommendations for adult basic life support (BLS) and automated external defibrillation (AED). After the publication of the 2010 CoSTR, the Adult BLS Task Force developed review questions in PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) format.1 This resulted in the generation of 36 PICO questions for systematic reviews. The task force discussed the topics and then voted to prioritize the most important questions to be tackled in 2015. From the pool of 36 questions, 14 were rated low priority and were deferred from this round of evidence evaluation. Two new questions were submitted by task force members, and 1 was submitted via the public portal. Two of these (BLS 856 and BLS 891) were taken forward for evidence review. The third question (368: ForeignBody Airway Obstruction) was deferred after a preliminary review of the evidence failed to identify compelling evidence that would alter the treatment recommendations made when the topic was last reviewed in 2005. 2 Each task force performed a systematic review using detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria, based on the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.3 With the assistance of information specialists, a detailed search for relevant articles was performed in each of 3 online databases (PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library).Reviewers were unable to identify any relevant evidence for 3 questions (BLS 811, BLS 373, and BLS 348), and the evidence review was not completed in time for a further question (BLS 370). A revised PICO question was developed for the opioid question (BLS 891). The task force reviewed 23 PICO questions for the 2015 consensus on science and treatment recommendations, including BLS 811, BLS 373, and BLS 348. The PICO flow is summarized in Figure 1.Using the methodological approach proposed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group, 4 the reviewers for each question created a reconciled risk-of-bias assessment for each of the included studies, using state-of-the-art tools: Cochrane for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 5 Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 for studies of diagnostic accuracy, 6 and GRADE for observational studies that inform both therapy and prognosis questions.7 GRADE evidence profile tables 8 were then created to facilitate an evaluation of the evidence in support of each of the critical and important outcomes. Critical outcomes were defined as neurologically favorable outcome (level 9), survival (level 8), and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC; level 7). Given the heterogeneity of time points evaluated in the studies related to BLS/AED, time intervals were pooled across outcomes. For neurologic outcome and survival, we considered the outcomes at discharge,...

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A manikin-based observational study on cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills at the Osaka Senri medical rally

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Part 3: Adult Basic Life Support and Automated External Defibrillation

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