A major quantitative trait locus conferring adult plant partial resistance to crown rust in oat

Abstract

BackgroundCrown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, is the most important disease of oat worldwide. Adult plant resistance (APR), based upon partial resistance, has proven to be a durable rust management strategy in other cereal rust pathosystems. The crown rust APR in the oat line MN841801 has been effective for more than 30 years. The genetic basis of this APR was studied under field conditions in three recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations: 1) AC Assiniboia/MN841801, 2) AC Medallion/MN841801, and 3) Makuru/MN841801. The populations were evaluated for crown rust resistance with the crown rust isolate CR251 (race BRBB) in multiple environments. The 6 K oat and 90 K wheat Illumina Infinium single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays were used for genotyping the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 population. KASP assays were designed for selected SNPs and genotyped on the other two populations.ResultsThis study reports a high density genetic linkage map constructed with oat and wheat SNP markers in the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 RIL population. Most wheat SNPs were monomorphic in the oat population. However the polymorphic wheat SNPs could be scored accurately and integrated well into the linkage map. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on oat chromosome 14D, designated QPc.crc-14D, explained up to 76% of the APR phenotypic variance. This QTL is flanked by two SNP markers, GMI_GBS_90753 and GMI_ES14_c1439_83. QPc.crc-14D was validated in the populations AC Medallion/MN841801 and Makuru/MN841801.ConclusionsWe report the first APR QTL in oat with a large and consistent effect. QPc.crc-14D was statistically significant in all environments tested in each of the three oat populations. QPc.crc-14D is a suitable candidate for use in marker-assisted breeding and also an excellent target for map-based cloning. This is also the first study to use the 90 K wheat Infinium SNP array on oat for marker development and comparative mapping. The Infinium SNP array is a useful tool for saturating oat maps with markers. Synteny with wheat suggests that QPc.crc-14D is orthologous with the stripe rust APR gene Yr16 in wheat.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0250-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Microscopic and Molecular Characterization of the Prehaustorial Resistance against Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) in Einkorn (Triticum monococcum)

“…Similar to Lr46 and Lr67 it confers non-race-specific, quantitative resistance characterized by slow rusting (Krattinger et al, 2009, 2011; Risk et al, 2012). But, none of these resistances leads to a prehaustorial abort of the fungus as was shown for accession PI272560 in our study (Lagudah, 2011; Herrera-Foessel et al, 2014; Lin et al, 2014). Resistance to Puccinia graminis and P. triticina in Triticum monoccocum was firstly described by The (1973).…”

A Consensus Map in Cultivated Hexaploid Oat Reveals Conserved Grass Synteny with Substantial Subgenome Rearrangement

“…DNA preparation for BG and PB was performed using a modified cetyl trimethylammonium bromide protocol as described by Babiker et al (2015). For the AM population, DNA was prepared using DNeasy Plant (Qiagen, Venlo, Netherlands) extraction kits (Lin et al, 2014). For the ‘IL86–1156’ × ‘Clintland 64’ (IL4) and ‘IL86–6404’ × Clintland 64 (IL5) populations, DNA was prepared using a sodium dodecyl sulfate ‐based method modified from Pallotta et al (2003).…”

Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae: a threat to global oat production

“…In addition to race-specific resistance, oat breeding programmes have benefited from non-specific quantitative resistance, often known as adult plant resistance (APR) or partial resistance (Ohm and Shaner, 1992). APR does not typically manifest at the seedling stage, and crop protection comes from the reduction in fungal sporulation or delay of symptom appearance (D ıaz-Lago et al, 2003;Jones, 1978;Lin et al, 2014;Portyanko et al, 2005). As such, APR is usually effective against all or at least a wide range of rust genotypes, a characteristic that is highly attractive in cases such as crown rust where so many pathotypes exist.…”

“…The Canadian A. sterilis accession 1387 is a case in which a single partially dominant gene, Pc69, controls APR (Harder et al, 1984). Currently, six genes have been designated to be APR-conditioning genes in oat, namely Pc27, Pc28, Pc69, Pc72, Pc73 and Pc74 (Table S1) (USDA-ARS CDL, 2016), and more than 25 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with APR have been mapped in oat (Acevedo et al, 2010;Babiker et al, 2015;Barbosa et al, 2006;Jackson et al, 2007;Lin et al, 2014;Portyanko et al, 2005;Zhu and Kaeppler, 2003).…”

“…The inheritance of APR in MN841801 was examined by Chong (2000), who used recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross AC Assiniboia/MN841801, and found two complementary APR genes effective against a specific pathotype of Pca. In contrast, in a cross between MN841801-1 (a reselection of MN841801) and 'Noble-2' (a reselection of 'Noble'), molecular markers allowed the identification of four major and three minor QTLs that control crown rust resistance (Acevedo et al, 2010;Portyanko et al, 2005), whereas another study using 6K oat SNPs and Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) found only one major QTL in the Assiniboia/ MN841801 RIL population (Lin et al, 2014). Efforts to determine the underlying mechanism of APR in MN841801 still continue and have extended to comparative transcriptome analysis of MN841801 and Noble-2 (Loarce et al, 2016).…”