A maize-like FePO<sub>4</sub>@MCNT nanowire composite for sodium-ion batteries via a microemulsion technique

Xu, Shuojiong; Zhang, Shiming; Zhang, Junxi; Tan, Tian; Liu, Yao

doi:10.1039/c4ta00239c

Cited by 57 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Since high temperature calcination leads to the crystallization of amorphous FePO 4 , carbon decoration should be conducted at low temperatures. Various carbon materials, such as carbon nanotube, graphene, carbonized polyaniline, and Kejen Black, have been reported to improve the sodium storage performance of amorphous FePO 4 . For example, Fang et al designed a mesoporous amorphous FePO 4 embedded in carbon matrix ( Figure a), which delivered a high reversible capacity of 151 mAh g −1 with a stable cyclability with 94% capacity retention over 160 cycles (Figure c,d) .…”

Section: Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Iron‐Based Electrode Materials for Grid‐Scale Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Fang

Chen

Xiao

et al. 2018

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156

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Grid-scale energy storage batteries with electrode materials made from low-cost, earth-abundant elements are needed to meet the requirements of sustainable energy systems. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with iron-based electrodes offer an attractive combination of low cost, plentiful structural diversity and high stability, making them ideal candidates for grid-scale energy storage systems. Although various iron-based cathode and anode materials have been synthesized and evaluated for sodium storage, further improvements are still required in terms of energy/power density and long cyclic stability for commercialization. In this Review, progress in iron-based electrode materials for SIBs, including oxides, polyanions, ferrocyanides, and sulfides, is briefly summarized. In addition, the reaction mechanisms, electrochemical performance enhancements, structure-composition-performance relationships, merits and drawbacks of iron-based electrode materials for SIBs are discussed. Such iron-based electrode materials will be competitive and attractive electrodes for next-generation energy storage devices.

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Section: Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Iron‐Based Electrode Materials for Grid‐Scale Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Fang

Chen

Xiao

et al. 2018

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156

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“…Fang et al used a simple chemically induced precipitation method to successfully prepare mesoporous amorphous FePO 4 /C nanospheres (Figure B), exhibiting a high initial discharging capacity of 151 mA h g −1 at 20 mA g −1 and stable cyclability of 94% capacity retention over 160 cycles (Figure C). In addition, biofacilitated energy‐efficient synthesis methods and microemulsion techniques have also been used to prepare amorphous FePO 4 /C nanocomposites with different morphologies, with encouraging electrochemical performance.…”

Section: Amorphous Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Crystalline to Amorphous: An Effective Avenue to Engineer High‐Performance Electrode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Wei

Wang

Yang

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

121

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global concerns about the sustainability of LIBs, due to the rarity and uneven distribution of lithium on earth. [3] With this in mind, batteries employing earth-abundant elements as charge carriers with similar working principles, such as sodiumion batteries (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), are promising as realistic alternatives for grid-level stationary applications. [4] As the critical component for rechargeable batteries, electrode materials play an important role in improving the energy density of the whole system, which can be realized by increasing the output voltage or capacity. [5] In recent years, since the emerging sodium and potassiumbased batteries have the potential to meet large-scale grid energy storage, intensive research have been devoted to this field, accompanied by significant progress. However, there is still considerable room for improvement regarding the electrode-active materials for SIBs and PIBs. This is because the accommodation of sodium or potassium in host materials is much more difficult than lithium ions, owing to their much larger ionic radii. [6] Their magnitude may cause severe pulverization of the electrode resulting from the distortions in the host lattice after repeated (de)intercalation and subsequently, a loss of contact between the active material and the current collector, resulting in the failure of the cell.During the past few decades, crystalline materials, as the primary electro-active species of choice in the battery field, have been thoroughly investigated. However, their synthesis can be time consuming, energy intensive, and costly. Besides, the storage capacity in crystalline materials is critically dependent on several factors including orientation of the crystallites, exposure of electrochemically active facets, phase transitions, and structural stability. [7] Generally, the charge storage mechanism of these kinds of material is based on guest ion insertion/extraction during the charge/discharge process. However, these host materials have limited ion channels for guest ions. As their counterpart, amorphous materials are intrinsically different in the arrangement of atomic clusters in the manner of short-range ordering, while these clusters are randomly linked with each other. [8] Hence, the amorphous state can be easily identified by conventional characterization technique such as no obvious diffraction peaks in powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Owing to such long-range disordered and short-range ordered Room-temperature rechargeable sodium-ion batteries appear to be promising alternatives for grid and other storage applications to lithium-ion batteries because of the natural abundance, low cost, and environmental benignity of sodium. In response to the ever-increasing development for these technologies, an intensive exploration for appropriate electrode materials with high energy density is still underway. This Progress Report highlights the recent research in the investigation of amorphous materials, whose isotropic physical and chemical propertie...

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“…Obviously, the introduction of a highly conductive matrix to form a composite material becomes a logical and reasonable approach to achieve higher electron conductivity. [14][15][16][17][18] For example, Liu et al 10 showed that a mixture of single-walled carbon nanotubes and FePO 4 nanoparticles showed much improved battery performance and high cyclability. single-walled carbon nanotubes are a highly connected network that can facilitate the electron transport of embedded FePO 4 particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetically controlled formation of uniform FePO4 shells and their potential for use in high-performance sodium ion batteries

et al. 2017

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Amorphous iron phosphates are potential cathode materials for sodium ion batteries. The amorphous FePO 4 matrix is able to insert/extract sodium ions reversibly without apparent structural degradation, resulting in stable performance during the charge/discharge process. However, the extremely low electronic conductivity of FePO 4 itself becomes a formidable obstacle for its application as a high-performance cathode material. Here, by tuning the growth kinetics of FePO 4 in an aqueous solution, we were able to control its formation onto a large variety of substrates, forming uniform core-shell structures. Specifically, the use of multiwalled carbon nanotubes as the core material together with the growth control of FePO 4 produced the core-shell structure of MWCNTs@FePO 4 with a delicately controlled shell thicknesses. We confirmed that such a nanocomposite can act as an effective cathode material by taking advantage of both the highly conductive core and the electrochemically active shell, leading to improved battery performance as revealed by the high discharge capacity and the greatly improved rate capability. We anticipate that our progress in FePO 4 control offers new potential in different research fields, such as materials chemistry, catalysis and energy storage devices.

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A maize-like FePO₄@MCNT nanowire composite for sodium-ion batteries via a microemulsion technique

Abstract: A maize-like FePO4@MCNT composite was prepared through non-covalent surface treatment and used as a cathode for sodium-ion batteries.

Cited by 57 publications

References 55 publications

Recent Progress in Iron‐Based Electrode Materials for Grid‐Scale Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Recent Progress in Iron‐Based Electrode Materials for Grid‐Scale Sodium‐Ion Batteries

From Crystalline to Amorphous: An Effective Avenue to Engineer High‐Performance Electrode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Kinetically controlled formation of uniform FePO4 shells and their potential for use in high-performance sodium ion batteries

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A maize-like FePO4@MCNT nanowire composite for sodium-ion batteries via a microemulsion technique

Abstract: A maize-like FePO4@MCNT composite was prepared through non-covalent surface treatment and used as a cathode for sodium-ion batteries.

Cited by 57 publications

References 55 publications

Recent Progress in Iron‐Based Electrode Materials for Grid‐Scale Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Recent Progress in Iron‐Based Electrode Materials for Grid‐Scale Sodium‐Ion Batteries

From Crystalline to Amorphous: An Effective Avenue to Engineer High‐Performance Electrode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Kinetically controlled formation of uniform FePO4 shells and their potential for use in high-performance sodium ion batteries

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A maize-like FePO₄@MCNT nanowire composite for sodium-ion batteries via a microemulsion technique