A maior dor do mundo: o luto materno em uma perspectiva fenomenológica

Abstract

RESUMO.O presente trabalho busca refletir sobre a vivência do luto materno na sociedade brasileira contemporânea, a partir da perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com três mães enlutadas. Utilizou-se o método fenomenológico de entrevistas, com uso de pergunta disparadora. A análise dos dados seguiu os quatro passos metodológicos de Giorgi. O relato das mães evidenciou diferentes temáticas, descritas por meio de dez elementos constituintes da vivência de luto materno, a saber: dor; perda de um modo de existir; espiritualidade; culpa; perda do sentido do mundo-da-vida; vontade de morrer; fragmentação dos laços afetivos; engajamento em projetos relacionados ao filho; perpetuação da memória do filho; estreitamento de laços com pessoas significativas para o morto. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa indicam que, embora o luto se modifique ao longo do tempo, a perda de um filho jamais é superada, sendo este sofrimento compreendido não mais como uma condição patológica, mas como especificidades a serem compreendidas. Palavras-chave:Luto; luto materno; psicologia fenomenológica. THE BIGGEST PAIN IN THE WORLD: THE MOTHER´S MOURNING FROM A PHENOMENOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVEABSTRACT. This paper aims to reflect on the experience of grieving mothers in contemporary Brazilian society from an existential-phenomenological perspective. We performed a qualitative study with three mourning mothers, using the phenomenological interview method with a starter question. Analysis of the data followed Giorgi's four methodological steps. The reports of the mothers showed different themes, described by ten constituents of the grieving´s mother experience, as following: Pain, Loss of a way of being, Spirituality, Guilt, Loss of life-world´s sense, Will to die, Fragmentation of affective bonds, Engagement in projects related to the child, Perpetuation of the memory of the son, Strenghtening of ties with a deceased´s significant others. The results indicate that although the grief changes over time, mothers never fully recover from their loss. This leads us to understand the mothers' suffering as a non-pathological condition but with specific features to be understood.Keywords: Grief; maternal mourning; phenomenological psychology. EL DOLOR MÁS GRANDE EN EL MUNDO: EL LUTO MATERNO EN UNA PERSPECTIVA FENOMENOLÓGICARESUMEN. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la experiencia del luto materno en la sociedad brasileña contemporánea, desde la perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con tres madres enlutadas. Se utilizó el método fenomenológico de entrevistas con una pregunta disparadora. El análisis de los datos siguió los cuatro pasos metodológicos de Giorgi. El relato de las madres señaló diferentes temáticas, descriptas por diez componentes constituyentes de la experiencia de luto materno, siendo: Dolor, Pérdida de un modo de existir, Espiritualidad, Culpa, Pérdida del sentido del mundo-de-la-vida, Deseo de morir, Fragmentación de lazos afectivos, Participa...

Espiritualidade nos serviços de urgência e emergência

“…patient However, this is an important factor for family members and patients who profess a religion or who accept religion, especially in the process of death 14 . The priority of traditional emergency care is related to technical and scientific actions aimed at intervening in the health problem, which would lead to the risk of death and prolong life 27 . Therefore, in order to complement and improve care, appropriate measures should be encouraged when identifying the spiritual needs of patients and their families.…”

Mães enlutadas: criação de blogs temáticos sobre a perda de um filho

“…Data were analyzed according to narrative analysis, understood as "a spoken or written text of an event/action or series of events/ actions chronologically linked". (12) Data were analyzed by using the theoretical reference dual process model (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) and narratives were systematized in thematic categories. (11) …”

“…Maternal grief must be respected, including the mother's needs and limitations in facing the loss, regardless of social requirements. (7) This study sought to understand the motivation of grieving mothers in creating and maintaining a blog on the loss of a child and to explore and comprehend how this experience is related to the grief process. A deep understanding of this theme can support the implementation of care strategies to cope with death and dying, contribute to the qualification of nursing professionals and other health professionals to support grieving persons, and help demystify the subject.…”

Luto, pathos e clínica: uma leitura fenomenológica

“…The no recovering is shown relevantly in the phenomenological studies on grief (Brice, 1991;Douglas, 2004;DuBose, 1997;Freitas & Michel, 2014;Gudmundsdottir, 2009;Gudmundsdottir & Chesla, 2006;Smith et al, 2011), which point out that the bereaved lived experiences, in general, differ from theories that define them through stages, tasks, and idealizations about what would be grief. No recovering is understood, therefore, as an inability to return to a previous or predetermined mode, which ignores or imposes a specific meaning of the thou in the existence of the bereaved.…”