A magyar mezőgazdaság környezetvédelmi és agronómiai megközelítésű NPK tápelemmérlege 1901 és 2000 között

Csathó, Péter; Radimszky, László

doi:10.1556/agrokem.54.2005.1-2.16

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…As only harvested yield and corresponding nutrient amounts were taken into account as output in nutrient balance calculations [11], the reported phosphorus balances [8] allowed us to separate the amount of phosphorus removed by harvesting and the fixation/erosion loss in our estimation. For example, if the reported phosphorus balance is 1-0 kg/h in a year, it is easy to express the quantity of phosphorus decrease in soil due to harvesting in this year by multiplying the value of phosphorus balance by the agricultural area of the country in hectares.…”

Section: Soil Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In monetary terms, the total loss is 735 million EUR at current fertilizer prices. Based on the reported phosphorus balances [8] and our estimation of total loss we calculated that approximately 750,000 tons of phosphorus was harvested and 750,000 tons phosphorus fixed by less soluble minerals or lost by erosion.…”

Section: Soil Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The state provided an extremely high level of support including the cover of the cost of fertilizers (superphosphate produced from Kola Peninsula's phosphate rocks was applied during this period). The phosphorus input exceeded the real needs of agricultural production, especially in the 1970s and 1980s, causing accumulation of soil P [8]. However, at this time, limited information was available about the existing phosphorus stocks and the threatening phosphorus shortage in the world, and the environmental risk of uncontrolled fertilizer use also was not clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the state no longer provided similar support as it did earlier, farmers did not fertilize the soil properly immediately from the year following the regime change. The negative impact of low fertilization on the yields emerged shortly after because the soils had high P concentrations from over-fertilization before 1989 [8]. However, based on the annual reports of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) [11], phosphorus balance became negative immediately after the year of 1989 in Hungary [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both problems occurred in Hungary in the past and occur in the present because of improper fertilization. Many studies already indicate the possible negative effect of phosphorus under-fertilization [8,14] in recent times; therefore, it is well justified to make an overview of phosphorus fertilization and phosphorus levels in Hungarian soils to support suitable nutrient management in Hungary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agricultural Soil Phosphorus in Hungary: High Resolution Mapping and Assessment of Socioeconomic and Pedological Factors of Spatiotemporal Variability

Kassai

Tóth

2020

Sustainability

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Over-fertilization before 1989 resulted in high phosphorus levels in agricultural soils of Hungary, but the accumulated reserves seem to have been depleted in recent decades due to under-fertilization. The aims of this study were to map the spatial pattern of phosphorus level and its change in the last few decades in Hungary to document the effect of fertilization and underlying socio-economic conditions on P concentrations, to identify the role of soil properties in changing soil soluble P and to quantify the total amount of soluble phosphorus level change in agricultural areas in the last few decades in the country. Two soil datasets were analyzed (National Pedological and Crop Production Database of Hungary and the Land Use/Land Cover Area Frame Survey, LUCAS, topsoil dataset), representing the status of soil nutrient contents in 1989 and in 2009. The measured phosphorus concentrations were compared to the reported phosphorus fertilization inputs. We also evaluated the effect of some important soil properties on soluble phosphorus content and on its change. We produced three maps by using kriging methods: soluble phosphorus levels in 1989, in 2009 and the change between 1989 and 2009. The results confirmed that phosphorus levels in agricultural areas depend mainly on agricultural use, while soil physical characteristics play a smaller role. Nevertheless, we demonstrated that the decrease in soil phosphorus levels was significantly influenced by soil chemistry (pH and CaCO3 content). The mean soluble phosphorus level was 108 mg/kg in 1989 and 28 mg/kg in 2009, and the median values were 100 and 22. The total loss (caused by harvesting, fixation and erosion) is ~1.5 million tons of soluble phosphorus, which is twice as much as the reported phosphorus balances indicated. In conclusion, our results show that approximately 50% of agricultural areas in Hungary are characterized by a very low supply of phosphorus (according to the latest data), posing a risk of nutrient depletion in these areas.

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Section: Soil Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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