A magnetic porous chitosan-based palladium catalyst: a green, highly efficient and reusable catalyst for Mizoroki–Heck reaction in aqueous media

Abstract

A novel, biodegradable and environmentally benign magnetic porous chitosan-thienyl imine palladium(II) complex, MPCS-TI/Pd, was prepared and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, BET, VSM and TG-DTA analysis. This complex, with high surface areas and low catalyst loading, was found to be a highly active and robust heterogeneous catalyst for the Mizoroki-Heck reactions of aryl bromides and chlorides with various terminal olefins in aqueous media in good to excellent yields. The catalyst was easily separated by an external magnet and the recovered catalyst was reused in seven cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity.

Gelatin‐pyrolyzed mesoporous N‐doped carbon supported Pd as high‐performance catalysts for aqueous Heck reactions

“…In the solution impregnation process, more Pd species are just physically absorbed on the surface of mesoporous carbon matrix and form reasonably weaker chelating. Nevertheless, as used in aqueous Heck reaction with similar reaction conditions, the prepared Pd@N‐C catalysts derived from gelatin/template/PdCl 2 hydrogels show much higher recycling stabilities than most of the recent heterogeneous Pd catalysts supported on mesoporous organosilica nanocomposite (5 times), [ 33 ] magnetic porous CS matrix (7 times), [ 34 ] CS membranes (7 times), [ 35 ] biopolymer of wool (10 times). [ 36 ]…”

“…Similarly lower catalytic activities for aromatic bromides are often found in most of other recent developed Pd heterogeneous catalysts. [ 33–37 ] The main reason should be attributed to the much higher bonding strength of C‐Br than C‐I.…”

Magnetically recoverable nanostructured Pd complex of dendrimeric type ligand on the MCM-41: Preparation, characterization and catalytic activity in the Heck reaction

“…Ethyl (E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylate: Yield: 95%, cream solid, mp: 134-136°C (Lit: (Movassagh and Rezaei, 2015) 135-138°C). FT-IR (KBr); ῡ (cm -1 ): 979 (C-H trans-alkene bend.…”

Valorization of Oceanic Waste Biomass: A Catalytic Perspective

“…Pd was also used as an active metal by Movassagh et al [37] They prepared a magnetic, porous and biodegradable catalyst (chitosan thienyl-imine palladium, 2) for the coupling of aryl halides and various terminal olefins in water (Scheme 2). The catalyst rendered the products in good to excellent yields.…”