A Macro Social Analysis of the Change in Robbery and Homicide Rates: Controlling for Static and Dynamic Effects

Chamlin, Mitchell B.

doi:10.1080/00380237.1989.10570548

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To be clear, no social disorganization variable had presented a consistently positive relationship with homicide rates in geographic areas across studies (Land et al, 1990;Pridemore, 2002). For example, although the majority of studies showed that economic status and family disruption were related to homicide rates within geographic areas, a number of studies found a null relationship (Chamlin, 1989;Loftin & Parker, 1985). Furthermore, other social disorganization variables, such as residential mobility, ethnic heterogeneity, and urbanism, resulted in conflicting evidence in terms of their strength, direction, and relevance in explaining homicide rates (Chamlin, 1989;Land et al, 1990;Loftin & Parker, 1985;Peterson & Krivo, 1993;Pridemore, 2002;Shihadeh & Ousey, 1998).…”

Section: Disaggregating Homicides In Generalmentioning

confidence: 89%

Explaining gang homicides in Newark, New Jersey: Collective behavior or social disorganization?

Pizarro

McGloin

2006

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Section: Disaggregating Homicides In Generalmentioning

confidence: 89%

Explaining gang homicides in Newark, New Jersey: Collective behavior or social disorganization?

Pizarro

McGloin

2006

Journal of Criminal Justice

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“…Further, since all the Russian regions were used to estimate the regression from which the residuals were drawn, these scores take into account the developments of the entire ecological system we examined (Morenoff and Sampson 1997). This approach has been used to examine macro‐level change on changes in rates of delinquency (Bursik and Webb 1982) and changes in homicide and robbery rates (Chamlin 1989). This strategy is important here since we know from prior research that the spatial patterning of homicide in Russia has shown consistently lower rates in the Northern Caucasus and European Russia and higher rates east of the Ural mountains for the last several decades (Shelley 1980; Shkolnikov 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Change and Homicide in A Transitional Society

Pridemore

Kim

2007

The Sociological Quarterly

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Durkheim argued that rapid social change would produce anomic conditions which, in turn, would lead to increases in criminal and deviant behavior. Russia provides a unique opportunity to test this theory given the large-scale fundamental socioeconomic changes occurring in the nation. Russian homicide rates more than doubled in the years following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and are now among the highest in the world. The pace and effects of the socioeconomic transition vary widely throughout Russia, however, as do rates of and changes in violent crime. In this study, we took advantage of the unique natural experiment of the collapse of the Soviet Union to examine the association between socioeconomic change and homicide. We measured the negative effects of socioeconomic change by creating an index of changes in population size, unemployment, privatization, and foreign investment. Using data from Russian regions (n = 78) and controlling for other structural covariates, regression results indicated that regions that more strongly experienced the negative effects of socioeconomic change were regions where homicide rates increased the most between 1991 and 2000. Further analysis of the individual components of this index revealed that regions with greater increases in (1) unemployment experienced greater increases in homicide rates and (2) privatization experienced smaller increases in homicide rates.

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“…Social disorganization theory also predicts that changes in neighborhood ecological structures can influence changes in violent crime rates. Findings from a small but important literature discussed earlier illustrate the necessity of considering dynamic models of social disorganization (Chamlin 1989;Miethe et al 1991;Bursik and Grasmick 1992;Morenoff and Sampson 1997;Kubrin 2000). According to social disorganization theory, ecological change lessens the ability of communities to regulate the behavior of their inhabitants, thereby increasing the rate of criminal behavior.…”

Section: Social Disorganization Theory and Types Of Homicidementioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Correalates of Homicide Trends: An Analysis Using Growth-Curve Modeling

Kubrin

Herting

2003

The Sociological Quarterly

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This research blends ideas and concepts from social disorganization theory with recent development in growth-curve methodology to examine the association between neighborhood structure and homicide levels over time. Using fifteen years of sequential data, we estimate growth-curve models that emphasize the effects of neighborhood socioeconomic and demographic characteristics on longitudinal trajectories of three types of homicide-general altercation, felony. and domestic-in St. Louis from 1980-1994. The analyses reveal several important findings. First, initial levels of each homicide type are related in similar ways to the neighborhood characteristics. Second. trends for each subtype differ, with the shape of the trajectory depending on the type of homicide under consideration. Finally, the neighborhood factors associated with trends in general altercation, felony, and domestic killings vary for each type. The latter two points suggest the importance of disaggregating homicide rates and exploring the different factors that drive change in the patterns of these rates.Cities across the United States have enjoyed decreasing violent crime rates in the last decade. While Uniform Crime Report (UCR) data show this to be true, other sources indicate that not all communities within cities have experienced this trend nor enjoyed the same degree of decline. In fact, some neighborhoods have increased in violent crime levels. This suggests that crime trends in local communities are likely quite varied. How variable are these trends, and what are the sources of this variation? Is the variance systematically related to differences in the distribution of economically disadvantaged families? Are trends across communities due, in part, to lesser or greater levels of residential mobility or family disruption? These questions typify a larger question often asked by scholars studying the correlates of violence: What neighborhood factors are associated with the rate of change in violent crime levels?Research on the neighborhood correlates of violent crime has been, for the most Direct all correspondence to Charis E. Kubrin,

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A Macro Social Analysis of the Change in Robbery and Homicide Rates: Controlling for Static and Dynamic Effects

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Explaining gang homicides in Newark, New Jersey: Collective behavior or social disorganization?

Explaining gang homicides in Newark, New Jersey: Collective behavior or social disorganization?

Socioeconomic Change and Homicide in A Transitional Society

Neighborhood Correalates of Homicide Trends: An Analysis Using Growth-Curve Modeling

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