2023
DOI: 10.3390/w15203543
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A Machine Learning-Based Framework for Water Quality Index Estimation in the Southern Bug River

Adil Masood,
Majid Niazkar,
Mohammad Zakwan
et al.

Abstract: River water quality is of utmost importance because the river is not only one of the key water resources but also a natural habitat serving its surrounding environment. In a bid to address whether it has a qualified quality, various analytics are required to be considered, but it is challenging to measure all of them frequently along a river reach. Therefore, estimating water quality index (WQI) incorporating several weighted analytics is a useful approach to assess water quality in rivers. This study explored… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(6 citation statements)
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References 33 publications
(52 reference statements)
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“…Positioned within the category of feedforward neural networks, ELM distinguishes itself through a single-layer architecture, a departure from the conventional multi-layer structures found in traditional neural networks 56 . Notably, the connections between input and hidden layer neurons are randomly initialized 20 , 57 , contributing to the algorithm's adaptive nature. The main structure of the ELM can be illustrated in Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Positioned within the category of feedforward neural networks, ELM distinguishes itself through a single-layer architecture, a departure from the conventional multi-layer structures found in traditional neural networks 56 . Notably, the connections between input and hidden layer neurons are randomly initialized 20 , 57 , contributing to the algorithm's adaptive nature. The main structure of the ELM can be illustrated in Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Positioned within the category of feedforward neural networks, ELM distinguishes itself through a single-layer architecture, a departure from the conventional multi-layer structures found in traditional neural networks 38 . Notably, the connections between input and hidden layer neurons are randomly initialized 39,4 , contributing to the algorithm's adaptive nature. The main structure of the ELM can be illustrated in Fig.…”
Section: Data Collectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SVR is a commonly used DD model. The SVR model utilizes the concept of structural risk minimization to express the regression function as follows (Faruq et al 2021;Masood et al 2023):…”
Section: Svr Techniquementioning
confidence: 99%