A MAC Protocol with Directional Antennas for Deafness Avoidance in Ad Hoc Networks

Takata, Masanori; Bandai, Masaki; Watanabe, Takashi

doi:10.1109/glocom.2007.121

Cited by 48 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Reference [18] is a DMAC protocol for deafness avoidance (DMAC/DA) in ad hoc networks. It is an example of a DRTS/DCTS-based single-channel non-circular DMAC protocol.…”

Section: Drts/dcts-based Single-channel Non-circular Dmac Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks: A Survey

Wong

Chen

Chin

2015

JSAN

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This survey paper presents the state-of-the-art directional medium access control (MAC) protocols in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks (WAHSNs). The key benefits of directional antennas over omni-directional antennas are longer communication range, less multipath interference, more spatial reuse, more secure communications, higher throughput and reduced latency. However, directional antennas lead to single-/multi-channel directional hidden/exposed terminals, deafness and neighborhood, head-of-line blocking, and MAC-layer capture which need to be overcome. Addressing these problems and benefits for directional antennas to MAC protocols leads to many classes of directional MAC protocols in WAHSNs. These classes of directional MAC protocols presented in this survey paper include single-channel, multi-channel, cooperative and cognitive directional MACs. Single-channel directional MAC protocols can be classified as contention-based or non-contention-based or hybrid-based, while multi-channel directional MAC protocols commonly use a common control channel for control packets/tones and one or more data channels for directional data transmissions. Cooperative directional MAC protocols improve throughput in WAHSNs via directional multi-rate/single-relay/multiple-relay/two frequency channels/polarization, while cognitive directional MAC protocols leverage on conventional directional MAC protocols with new twists to address dynamic spectrum access. All of these directional MAC protocols are the pillars for the design of future directional MAC protocols in WAHSNs.

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“…Reference [18] is a DMAC protocol for deafness avoidance (DMAC/DA) in ad hoc networks. It is an example of a DRTS/DCTS-based single-channel non-circular DMAC protocol.…”

Section: Drts/dcts-based Single-channel Non-circular Dmac Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks: A Survey

Wong

Chen

Chin

2015

JSAN

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“…M Takata et al [6] proposed a directional MAC which they claim for deafness avoidance in the ad hoc network. Hare each device maintains a neighbor table by using the communication history.…”

Section: Related Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Ad hoc Network in Mixing of Omni and Directional Mode Antenna

AhmadAnsari¹,

Ahmad²,

Ali³

et al. 2013

IJAIS

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This work discusses the performance degradation of ad hoc network because few nodes of the network utilizing omni directional antenna and some of them using directional antennas. We have many directional MAC protocols. But most of them has kept it in mind that each node of the network will have a directional antenna mounted on it. While in real time scenario it is quite unusual that a sudden change will occur and every laptop, palmtop, computer and other devices will be turned into a smart antenna holding device. There will be network scenario, where we will have devices of mixed nature, omni directional as well as directional antenna patterned. Using OPNET 14.5 simulation tool we have simulated a directional and omni mode mixed scenario with IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. For directionality we have designed an antenna pattern of 90 degree with the help of the antenna editor of the simulation tool. We found that lack of a specific protocol for the above kind of scenario degrades the performance of ad hoc network.

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“…In this section, we present DMAC/DA 7) . Deafness is caused because each node is un- aware of the on-going communications in a different direction.…”

Section: Dmac/damentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Directional MAC Protocols for Deafness Problem in Ad Hoc Networks

Takata

Bandai

Watanabe

2007

ipsjdc

Self Cite

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Several directional MAC protocols for ad hoc networks using directional antennas have been proposed recently. Although directional antennas have great potential such as high spatial reuse and range extension, directional MAC protocols inherently introduce new problems arising from directivity. Deafness is one of the major problems and reduces the performance, caused by a lack of state information from neighbor nodes. This paper presents two directional MAC protocols, DMAC/DA (Directional MAC with Deafness Avoidance) and RI-DMAC (Receiver-Initiated Directional MAC), which handle the deafness problem, and mainly evaluates these protocols through extensive simulation study. DMAC/DA is a proactive handling method for deafness. In DMAC/DA, WTS (Wait To Send) frames are transmitted to notify the on-going communication to potential transmitters that may experience deafness. In this paper, DMAC/DA is enhanced by the next packet notification, called DMAC/DA with NPN, to distinguish transmitters from neighbors. On the other hand, RI-DMAC handles deafness reactively using a combination of sender-initiated and receiver-initiated operations. In RI-DMAC, each node polls a potential deafness node using RTR (Ready To Receive) after the completion of every dialog. The experimental results show that our proposed protocols outperform existing directional MAC protocols in terms of throughput, control overhead and packet drop ratio.

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A MAC Protocol with Directional Antennas for Deafness Avoidance in Ad Hoc Networks

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Directional Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks: A Survey

Directional Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks: A Survey

Performance of Ad hoc Network in Mixing of Omni and Directional Mode Antenna

Performance Evaluation of Directional MAC Protocols for Deafness Problem in Ad Hoc Networks

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