A low-voltage folded-switching mixer in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS

Abstract

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A Low Voltage Current-reuse Quadrature Down-conversion Mixer for WSN Application

“…As shown in Table 1. The performance of mixer can also be expressed by a quality factor named FOM, figure of merit, the expression of which is as follow [2]: Where CG is voltage conversion gain of the mixer in dB, IIP3 is the input third-order point of the mixer in dBm, NF is the noise figure of the mixer in dB, and P is the power consumption of the mixer in W. FOM is proportional to CG and P, while is inversely proportional to NF and IIP3, and then we can summarize that the performance of the mixer is better if FOM is as high as possible. Table1 shows that, comparedwith other literature, noise figure and power consumptionperformance of this paper described the down-conversion mixer is significantly improved, other did not significantly improve performance, and linearity instead became worsecompared to other literature.…”

A 5.25-GHz low-power down-conversion mixer in 0.18-μm CMOS technology

“…Figure 16 shows the micrograph of the mixer. Measured performance of the proposed mixer and the reported mixers [6,17,[20][21][22] are given in Table 1. Reference [20] can operate at 1 V by using Gilbert-cell (SwGm) technology.…”

“…Hence, a great large chip area is required. References [6,17,[20][21][22] only have core mixer power consumption, excluding from output source-follower. In Table 1, it clearly shows that the proposed mixer has high linearity and the lowest power consumption.…”

A broadband folded Gilbert cell CMOS mixer

“…On the other hand constraints concerning conversion gain (CG), noise and linearity are getting more and more challenging and therefore it is necessary to find solutions that can fit all these contrasting specifications: low supply voltage, low power consumption, low noise figure (NF), high gain and high linearity. Several different solutions have been published in past years: a modified Gilbert cell mixer without current tail transistor [2,3] a low voltage high gain complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) mixer [4], a folded switching mixer with current reuse [5], and a single-balanced mixer with current reuse [6]. A very good comparison between low voltage Gilbert cell mixer and mixer with current boosting is presented in [7].…”

“…A very good comparison between low voltage Gilbert cell mixer and mixer with current boosting is presented in [7]. The main drawback in the solutions presented in [2,3,[5][6][7] is the large number of implemented transistors which imply additional noise and higher power consumption. Implementing the mixer without current tail allows lower supply voltages but still causes large noise contribution of the local oscillator (LO) switches, due to the high current flowing through the devices, and requires large driving voltages to turn the transistors completely on and off.…”