A Low-fidelity Model for Office-based Hysteroscopy with a Vaginoscopic Approach

Characteristics of hysteroscopic training models: A review of the literature

“…1 ). Among them, 26 articles introduced hysteroscopic training models [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] ], while 44 articles investigated the training effect of utilizing these models [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] ]. Detailed information of these investigations was summarized in Supplementary Tables 2–7 .…”

“…Non-biological material models refer to a type of training model that simulates the structure of human tissues using non-biological materials such as silicone and plastic. Published articles reported that diagnostic hysteroscopy, myomectomy, polypectomy, biopsy, and foreign body removal are the main procedures taught using non-biological material models in hysteroscopy simulation training [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , 38 , 43 , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] ].…”

“…15 studies investigated the applications of non-biological material models [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , 38 , 43 , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] ]. The curriculum of hysteroscopy simulation training included single hands-on simulator practice [ 38 ]; theory teaching and hands-on training with pre-test and post-test [ 21 , 43 , 45 ] or only with post-test post-test [ 20 , 24 , 46 , 49 , 51 ]; repetitive hands-on training with or without a time interval/educational instructions [ 20 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 48 ].…”

Advances in gynecologic simulation: implementation, validity, and new resources

“…to enter the uterus, a procedure that is part of most office hysteroscopy procedures to eliminate the need for a speculum and tenaculum. Performance did not statistically correlate with experience level, but metrics trended towards this association [9]. Lastly, a new low-cost low-fidelity laparoscopic and robotic myomectomy model was created for use with box trainers that demonstrated high correlation with experience and validity.…”

“…Although the validity metrics of these three studies varied, common themes arose amongst participant experiences. The vast majority of the users (66% to over 90%) felt the simulations were realistic, helpful, satisfying, effective, and improved preparedness for and confidence in the procedure [8][9][10][11].…”