A low cost wireless sensor node for building monitoring

Valenti, Salvatore; Conti, Massimo; Pierleoni, Paola; Zappelli, L.; Belli, Alberto; Gara, Fabrizio; Carbonari, Sandro; Regni, Marco

doi:10.1109/eesms.2018.8405827

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Multiple works in the literature [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ] present a monitoring system for structural health monitoring using the accelerometer ADXL355. These works are divided into the system based on a wireless sensor network (WSN) and wired monitoring systems.…”

Section: Literature Background Of Structural Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These works are divided into the system based on a wireless sensor network (WSN) and wired monitoring systems. Valenti et al [ 40 ] proposed a low-cost WSN for SHM and the system has been used for identification of modal frequency. The problem of this system is the synchronization of the samples.…”

Section: Literature Background Of Structural Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Navabian et al [ 47 ] proposed an event monitoring system for structural health. This system acquires data if the event exceeds the threshold, and the duration of the acquisition is about 70 s. Although, like [ 40 ], the synchronization is also available from the start and stop acquire campaign.…”

Section: Literature Background Of Structural Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Health Monitoring: An IoT Sensor System for Structural Damage Indicator Evaluation

Muttillo

Stornelli

Alaggio

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In the last decades, the applications of structural monitoring are moving toward the field of civil engineering and infrastructures. Nevertheless, if the structures have damages, it does not mean that they have a complete loss of functionality, but rather that the system is no longer in an optimal condition so that, if the damage increases, the structure can collapse. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), a process for the identification of damage, periodically collects data from suitable sensors that allow to characterize the damage and establishes the health status of the structure. Therefore, this monitoring will provide information on the structure condition, mostly about its integrity, in a short time, and, for infrastructures and civil structures, it is necessary to assess performance and health status. The aim of this work is to design an Internet of Things (IoT) system for Structural Health Monitoring to find possible damages and to see how the structure behaves over time. For this purpose, a customized datalogger and nodes have been designed. The datalogger is able to acquire the data coming from the nodes through RS485 communication and synchronize acquisitions. Furthermore, it has an internal memory to allow for the post-processing of the collected data. The nodes are composed of a digital triaxial accelerometer, a general-purpose microcontroller, and an external memory for storage measures. The microcontroller communicates with an accelerometer, acquires values, and then saves them in the memory. The system has been characterized and the damage indicator has been evaluated on a testing structure. Experimental results show that the estimated damage indicator increases when the structure is perturbed. In the present work, the damage indicator increased by a maximum value of 24.65 when the structure is perturbed by a 2.5 mm engraving.

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Section: Literature Background Of Structural Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Background Of Structural Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Health Monitoring: An IoT Sensor System for Structural Damage Indicator Evaluation

Muttillo

Stornelli

Alaggio

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Bocca et al [27] 2011~10 µs -Valenti et al [9] 2018 -~6 ms Narayanan [25] 2019 -~50 µs 2 Navabian and Beskhyroun [28] 2020 -2 ms 1 small clock sync error does not necessarily imply a small data sync error. 2 with access to the internal ADC timestamps.…”

Section: Study Year Error Clock Synchronization 1 Data Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the case study reports the use of only one sensor node directly connected to two accelerometers for OMA of a beam-element in a building; therefore, the study did not explore the data synchronization aspect. Valenti et al [ 9 ] present a WSSN for building monitoring using the ADXL355; however, the study reports a relatively large time-synchronization error of 6 ms at the application layer. By comparison, Li et al [ 10 ] achieve synchronization error below 50 µs using WSSs, although with analog accelerometers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Synchronized High-Sensitivity Wireless Accelerometer for Structural Health Monitoring

Shajihan

Chow

Mechitov

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The use of digital accelerometers featuring high sensitivity and low noise levels in wireless smart sensors (WSSs) is becoming increasingly common for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. Improvements in the design of Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based digital accelerometers allow for high resolution sensing required for SHM with low power consumption suitable for WSSs. However, new approaches are needed to synchronize data from these sensors. Data synchronization is essential in wireless smart sensor networks (WSSNs) for accurate condition assessment of structures and reduced false-positive indications of damage. Efforts to achieve synchronized data sampling from multiple WSS nodes with digital accelerometers have been lacking, primarily because these sensors feature an internal Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) to which the host platform has no direct access. The result is increased uncertainty in the ADC startup time and thus worse synchronization among sensors. In this study, a high-sensitivity digital accelerometer is integrated with a next-generation WSS platform, the Xnode. An adaptive iterative algorithm is used to characterize these delays without the need for a dedicated evaluation setup and hardware-level access to the ADC. Extensive tests are conducted to evaluate the performance of the accelerometer experimentally. Overall time-synchronization achieved is under 15 µs, demonstrating the efficacy of this approach for synchronization of critical SHM applications.

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