A Low-Cost Wideband Digital Array Antenna Based on Stretch Processing Technique

Abstract

Wideband digital phased array radar offers the advantages of high range resolution, which improves the recognition ability for multiple targets, group targets, and high-speed targets. Traditional wideband phased arrays use true time delay to compensate for aperture fill time; however, the cost increases significantly. In this paper, a wideband elemental digital array architecture based on the stretch processing method is proposed. By utilizing the time-domain and frequency-domain translation equivalence of the LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation) signal waveform, the equivalent aperture fill time is compensated for through frequency shift and phase shift after stretch processing. Compared to traditional wideband digital arrays, this method can dramatically reduce the required sampling rate and lower the requirements on antenna hardware, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of system. A comprehensive analysis of the signal processing process and stretch processing method is provided. And an antenna array prototype is developed to verify the T/R channel compensation and wideband beamforming. Measured results show that the antenna is capable of ±60° scanning in azimuth plane and ±40° scanning in elevation plane, with a bandwidth of 500 MHz in S-band. The results demonstrate excellent wideband beam performance and accurate lobe scanning, which confirms the validity of the proposed wideband architecture for stretch processing, frequency shift, and phase shift. This method can be widely applied to the low-cost design and wideband performance improvement of wideband digital array radar.