A Low-Cost Visible Light Positioning System for Indoor Positioning

Abstract

Currently, a high percentage of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and this proportion will increase in the coming decades. In this context, indoor positioning systems (IPSs) have been a topic of great interest for researchers. On the other hand, Visible Light Communication (VLC) systems have advantages over RF technologies; for instance, they do not need satellite signals or the absence of electromagnetic interference to achieve positioning. Nowadays, in the context of Indoor Positioning (IPS), Visible Light Positioning (VLP) systems have become a strong alternative to RF-based systems, allowing the reduction in costs and time to market. This paper shows a low cost VLP solution for indoor systems. This includes multiple programmable beacons and a receiver which can be plugged to a smartphone running a specific app. The position information will be quickly and securely available through the interchange between the receiver and any configurable LED-beacon which is strategically disposed in an area. The implementation is simple, inexpensive, and no direct communication with any data server is required.

Exploring Fast Fingerprint Construction Algorithm for Unmodulated Visible Light Indoor Localization

“…In [ 7 ], the authors combined machine learning with visible light and USES Angle of arrival for indoor targeting, and they ended up using quadrant solar cells as a way to increase progress. The literature [ 1 ] used improved reception devices, programmable beacons, and embedded positioning programs in smartphones to achieve simple and low-cost visible light indoor positioning. The authors of [ 6 ] proposed a grid sampling scheme in the location domain.…”

“…The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoTs) promotes the development of smart devices [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Indoor positioning greatly expands the capabilities of these devices and therefore attracts a great amount of research work.…”

Indoor Positioning System Based on Bluetooth Low Energy Technology and a Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithm

“…A few-centimeter accuracy can also be achieved with VLC technology [18,19] on account of the more expensive hardware and computational setups. However, as a drawback of VLC technology, constant line-of-sight (LOS) is necessary for correct operation, coupled with the demand that light sources must stay on all the time [20].…”

Three-Dimensional Division of Visible Light Communication Irradiation Area

“…Visible light communication (VLC) [ 1 ], as a new optical wireless communication method, has been explored for a wide range of applications, for example, indoor illumination and communication [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], indoor positioning [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], vehicle-to-vehicle communication [ 11 , 12 ] and vehicle–road coordination [ 13 , 14 ]. It is the most potential supplement to 5G wireless communication [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”