A Low-Cost Portable Electric Towing System for Wheelchairs: Design and Performance Analysis

Abstract

This study introduces a cost-effective portable electric towing system designed by researchers to facilitate mobility for individuals with lower limb disabilities. The system enables users to supplement their standard wheelchairs with an electric towing mechanism, enhancing the ease of movement at an affordable price point. After the design and construction phase, the system was tested to ensure functionality and performance. Testing criteria included a minimum user weight of 80 kg and a driving distance of at least 20 km per charge. The driving tests, conducted five times, occurred at the Seeniare Complex, Bangkokthonburi University (Nursing and Public Health Practice Center). Testing started by navigating a 3.5-m radius curve from a 15-km distance, simulating regular road conditions. Subsequently, the system's ability to ascend a 1:12 gradient (in compliance with Thai accessibility standards) was evaluated. Additionally, the braking system was assessed to ensure that the electrically towed wheelchair could come to a static stop within a 10-m distance continuously along a 1:12 gradient without slipping or tipping. The results demonstrated compliance with specified standards on each occasion. Furthermore, cost comparison analysis with market-available electric wheelchairs revealed the lowest-priced towing system to be $382.16. User satisfaction evaluations indicated an overall satisfactory rating. This research underscores the potential of the developed electric towing system to significantly enhance mobility and independence for individuals with lower limb disabilities, offering a practical and cost-effective solution. Further studies and refinements could reinforce its efficacy and applicability in real-world scenarios, and upon analyzing the production costs, it can be seen that the towing kit developed is priced low, allowing people with low incomes to easily access assistive devices.