A low cost nephelometric turbidity sensor for continual domestic water quality monitoring system

Azman, Ahmad Aftas; Rahiman, Mohd Hezri Fazalul; Taib, Mohd Nasir; Sidek, Norbaya; Bakar, Ilyani Akmar Abu; Ali, Megat Syahirul Amin Megat

doi:10.1109/i2cacis.2016.7885315

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For marine or fluvial environments, where turbidity can have higher values, many of these methods and related devices become impracticable, not only because of their low dynamic range, but also because most of them are laboratory devices, making them large, expensive and dependent of the electrical grid. Some turbidity sensors for continuous monitoring were developed for continuous monitoring in the last years [16,17,18,19]. Most of them are optical devices that only use one type of detection, becoming specific for a strict type of environment and without the flexibility to adapt to other contexts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Cost-Effective Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter in Marine Environment

Matos

Faria

Martins

et al. 2019

Sensors

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A cost-effective optical sensor for continuous in-situ monitoring of turbidity and suspended particulate matter concentration (SPM), with a production cost in raw materials less than 20 €, is presented for marine or fluvial applications. The sensor uses an infrared LED and three photodetectors with three different positions related to the light source—135º, 90º and 0º—resulting in three different types of light detection: backscattering, nephelometry and transmitted light, respectively. This design allows monitoring in any type of environment, offering a wide dynamic range and accuracy for low and high turbidity or SPM values. An ultraviolet emitter–receiver pair is also used to differentiate organic and inorganic matter through the differences in absorption at different wavelengths. The optical transducers are built in a watertight structure with a radial configuration where a printed circuit board with the electronic signal coupling is assembled. An in-lab calibration of the sensor was made to establish a relation between suspended particulate matter (SPM) or the turbidity (NTU) to the photodetectors’ electrical output value in Volts. Two different sizes of seashore sand were used (180 µm and 350 µm) to evaluate the particle size susceptibility. The sensor was tested in a fluvial environment to evaluate SPM change during sediment transport caused by rain, and a real test of 22 days continuous in-situ monitoring was realized to evaluate its performance in a tidal area. The monitoring results were analysed, showing the SPM change during tidal cycles as well as the influence of the external light and biofouling problems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Cost-Effective Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter in Marine Environment

Matos

Faria

Martins

et al. 2019

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For future work, it is suggested to develop other water testing sensors such as dissolved oxygen sensor and chlorophyll concentration sensors. A low cost, light weight, user friendly electronic turbidity sensor is designed and developed by Azman et al [3], which works on the principle of scattered light intensity with respect to the scattering of light in liquids and solids. To develop this sensor, components used are-LED as transmitter, Light Dependent Resistor as receiver, PIC 16F777 as main processor and RS232 module for sensor communication.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Water Grade Inspection System using Multiple Sensors

Shet*,

Taneem

2020

IJITEE

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Water is very crucial for healthy living. A large portion of the irresistible maladies are because of tainted water which prompts a huge number of contaminants consistently. Water quality testing is imperative since it recognizes contaminants and counteracts water-borne ailments. There is necessity to build up Water quality checking framework to confirm whether the measured water quality is reasonable for expected use. Basically, water quality observing ensures that water is safe and meets nearby and global water norms. Different water sampling techniques and technology to determine the level and amount of chemicals present in water can be used for water quality testing. Water utilized for human and animal use must be tested for safety. Along with household water, recreational and agricultural water also needs to be tested. In this paper, an IoT based water grade inspection system is proposed, in which water quality in terms of Turbidity and Temperature is measured with the help of sensors. NodeMCU ESP8266 board is used here. It has a built in onboard Wi-Fi module that facilitates to send alert message when the turbidity and temperature of water exceeds threshold values. The alert notifications are obtained in ESP Notify app.

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“…A variety of WSN enabled on-line water quality monitoring systems have been proposed using either COTS sensors [13]- [15] or self-designed sensors [16][17] to monitor the water quality changes within domestic running water, lakes and rivers. These WSN systems are typically low in power consumption and rely heavily on the sensors and instruments implemented within the platforms.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Authors in Azman et al [16] proposed a sensor design using nephelometric method for the system, a photodetector placed 90 degrees from the light source detects the scattered light intensity. A microcontroller controls the LED light source and the orthogonal light detection receiver.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost Turbidity Sensor for Low-Power Wireless Monitoring of Fresh-Water Courses

et al. 2018

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This paper reports on a low-cost turbidity sensor design for continuous on-line water quality monitoring applications. The measurement of turbidity by agricultural and environmental scientists is restricted by the current cost and functionality of available commercial instruments. Although there are a number of low-cost turbidity sensors exploited within domestic 'white-goods', such as dishwashers, the lack of sensitivity and power-usage of these devices make them unsuitable for freshwater quality monitoring purposes. The recent introduction of wireless protocols and hardware, associated with the 'Internet-of-Things' concept for machine-tomachine autonomous sensing and control, has enabled the largescale networked intelligent water turbidity monitoring system that implements relatively low-cost sensors to be developed. The proposed sensor uses both transmitted light and orthogonal (90 degrees) scattered light detection principles, and is 2-3 orders of magnitude lower in cost as compared to the existing commercial turbidity sensors. With an 850nm infrared LED, and dual orthogonal photodetectors, the proposed design is capable of measuring turbidity within the range of 0-1000 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) with improved accuracy and robustness as compared to the existing low cost turbidity sensors. The combination of orthogonal and transmitted light detection unit provide both 0-200 NTU high resolution and accuracy sensing and 0-1000 NTU lower resolution and accuracy sensing capability. Results from calibration experiment are presented, which proved that the proposed sensor design produced a comparable turbidity reading as a commercial turbidity sensor.

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A low cost nephelometric turbidity sensor for continual domestic water quality monitoring system

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Development of a Cost-Effective Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter in Marine Environment

Development of a Cost-Effective Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter in Marine Environment

Implementation of Water Grade Inspection System using Multiple Sensors

Low-Cost Turbidity Sensor for Low-Power Wireless Monitoring of Fresh-Water Courses

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