A Longitudinal Study on the Development of Multicultural Acceptance of Korean Middle School Students: Focusing on the Variables of Self-Concept and Community Consciousness

Analysis of Longitudinal Relationship among Elementary and Middle School Students Multicultural Acceptance, Self-concept, and Community Consciousness using the Latent Growth Model

“…Grouped into two sub-factors (perception of foreigners and relation with foreigners and multicultural friends) were used. However, in this study, as in the study of Yang and Kyun (2020), only two of the five items of perception of foreigners, a sub-factor of multicultural acceptance, were used. According to the analysis of Kim, Kang, & Lee (2014), Koreans generally had positive attitudes toward foreigners in Western countries, but showed low acceptance toward foreigners and immigrants from Asian backgrounds.…”

“…According to the analysis of Kim, Kang, & Lee (2014), Koreans generally had positive attitudes toward foreigners in Western countries, but showed low acceptance toward foreigners and immigrants from Asian backgrounds. Therefore, Yang and Kyun (2020) judged that the items classified as perceptions of foreigners in KELS (2019) were mixed with items on two levels that showed these different results. In other words, Yang and Kyun (2020) deleted three items that could confuse the "definition of foreigners" because it seemed to focus on the perception of immigrants from Asian multicultural family backgrounds.…”

“…increasing every year (Lee, Chung, Jang, Jang, & Kim, 2017). Therefore, a discriminatory attitude toward multiculturalism will make it difficult to coexist with people from diverse backgrounds and cultures (Yang & Kyun, 2020). With the recent crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, internationalization has rather regressed, and a new difficulty has arisen in the acceptance of multiculturalism.…”

“…Interaction in the community from childhood to adolescence is important (McGue, Elkins, Walden, & Iacono, 2005), and adolescence is a period in which a sense of community consciousness develops by forming relationships with peers with different values in school (Yang & Kyun, 2020). Community consciousness is an important variable that can affect school life, relationships with peers, and satisfaction with life at home during adolescence (Choi & Moon, 2013).…”

“…Community consciousness is an important variable that can affect school life, relationships with peers, and satisfaction with life at home during adolescence (Choi & Moon, 2013). In addition, community consciousness, like multicultural acceptance, is important in various relationships between individuals and their surroundings (Koo, 2015), and being a social and environmental aspect, can affect multicultural acceptance (Yang & Kyun, 2020). According to , who considered community consciousness as a sub-concept of global citizenship and studied its association with multicultural acceptance, the sense of community in the first year of middle school makes the level of multicultural acceptance significant in the second year of middle school.…”