A longitudinal study of the impact of behavioural change intervention on cleanliness, diarrhoeal morbidity and growth of children in rural Bangladesh

Ahmed, Nasar Uddin; Zeitlin, Marian F.; Beiser, Alexa; Super, Charles M.; Gershoff, Stanley N.

doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90452-a

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…One study suggested that such an improvement in hygiene behaviours could lead to better growth [10]. It was hypothesized that an intervention that simultaneously addresses bioavailable iron and hygiene behaviours could improve iron status as well as growth and general health of preschool children in Burkina Faso, where infection significantly contributes to anaemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of an integrated nutrition intervention on nutrient intakes, morbidity and growth of rural Burkinabe preschool children

Sanou¹,

Turgeon-O’Brien²,

Desrosiers³

2011

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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Iron deficiency and undernutrition often co-exist among children and the prevalence in sub-Saharan African is high. In Burkina Faso, 92% of children under the age of five years were anaemic and 39% were stunted in 2003 according to Demographics and health survey. Risk factors include inadequate dietary intakes and infections that often occur concomitantly. Orphans and vulnerable children who are already at increased risk for poor psycho-emotional development due to their social status are particularly susceptible to malnutrition. Therefore, there is a challenge to develop effective interventions that address the multiple risk factors of nutritional deficiencies in these children. An integrated nutrition intervention including dietary modification and changes in hygiene practices was implemented targeting a group of preschool orphans and vulnerable children living in group foster homes. The amount of iron-rich foods particularly goat meat and condiments as well as citrus fruits were increased in the diet. The hygiene component of the intervention focused on handwashing, eating in individual plates, food storage and stool disposal. All members of the foster homes at large benefitted from the activities of the intervention; however, measurements and impact evaluation focused on preschool children (12 -72 months). Energy and nutrient intakes, anthropometric indices and morbidity including diarrhoea, fever, vomiting and respiratory infections were assessed at baseline and after 18 weeks. Mean bioavailable iron intake was increased from 0.4 to 0.9 mg/d. The intervention resulted in a decrease in the prevalence of inadequate intakes for energy, proteins and most micronutrients. The intervention increased the meat-fish-poultry contribution to energy and iron intakes from 1.6 to 3.5% and from 5.2 to 7.9%, respectively. There was also a decrease in the incidence of infection (from 73 to 9%, p<0.01) and overall morbidity (from 39 to 15%, p<0.05) most likely due to deworming and improvements in hygiene behaviours. Contrary to baseline, helminths such as Hymelolepis nana,Strongyloïdes stercoralis and Necator americanus that often cause blood loss were rarely found at the end of the intervention. The overall changes resulted in improvements in height-for-age z-score (-1.63 to -1.27, p<0.01) and weight-for-age zscore (-1.22 to -1.06, p<0.05). In conclusion, an intervention that targets bioavailable iron and hygiene behaviours improved child growth, iron status and overall morbidity in areas of high incidence of infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of an integrated nutrition intervention on nutrient intakes, morbidity and growth of rural Burkinabe preschool children

Sanou¹,

Turgeon-O’Brien²,

Desrosiers³

2011

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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“…Ambiguous results were obtained by Ahmed et al (1993). Though children in their intervention group experienced fewer episodes of diarrhoeal than their control-group counterparts during the wet season in Bangladesh, rates were similar before and after the wet season.…”

Section: Interventions Promoting Behavioural Changementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The impact of educational hygiene messages on behaviours such as handwashing and breastfeeding was assessed by Froozani et al (1999), who introduced an educational programme promoting breastfeeding among Iranian mothers to lessen the risk of infant ingestion of contaminated water and Ahmed et al (1993), who evaluate an intervention consisting of educational messages and household surveillance to improve hygiene practices.…”

Section: Promoting Behavioural Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Froozani et al (1999) assessed an educational programme promoting breastfeeding among new mothers in Iran, as a method of lessening the risk of infant ingestion of contaminated water. The mean number of days of diarrhoea among infants in the intervention group was significantly lower (p≤0.004) than in the control group.Ambiguous results were obtained by Ahmed et al (1993). Though children in their intervention group experienced fewer episodes of diarrhoeal than their control-group counterparts during the wet season in Bangladesh, rates were similar before and after the wet season.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…These types of non-clinical interventions are depicted in the second column, or cluster of policies, located on the left-hand side of Figure 5 such interventions is related to disease type. Interventions focused on diarrhoeal-related morbidity and/or mortality are commonly aimed at mothers of young children, while those focused on respiratory infection often contained health worker training and education components.The impact of educational hygiene messages on behaviours such as handwashing and breastfeeding was assessed by Froozani et al (1999), who introduced an educational programme promoting breastfeeding among Iranian mothers to lessen the risk of infant ingestion of contaminated water and Ahmed et al (1993), who evaluate an intervention consisting of educational messages and household surveillance to improve hygiene practices.Several studies combined handwashing promotion along with instructions regarding animal and child faeces. For instance, Haggerty et al (1994) assessed an intervention in Zaire (today Democratic Republic of the Congo) consisting of educational messages instructing the disposal of animal faeces, handwashing after defecation and before meal preparation and disposal of children's faeces.…”

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confidence: 99%

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What Do We Know About Non-Clinical Interventions for Preventable and Treatable Childhood Diseases in Developing Countries?

Niño‐Zarazúa

Seguin

2013

SSRN Journal

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Preventable and treatable childhood diseases, notably acute respiratory infections and diarrhoeal diseases are the first and second leading causes of death and morbidity among young children in developing countries. The fact that a large proportion of child deaths are caused by these diseases is symptomatic of dysfunctional policy strategies and health systems in the developing world. Though clinical interventions against such diseases have been thoroughly studied, non-clinical interventions have received much less attention. This paper contributes to the existing literature on child wellbeing in two important respects: first, it presents a theory of change-based typology that emerges from a systematic review conducted on non-clinical interventions against preventable and treatable childhood diseases. Second, it pays particular attention to policies that have been tested in a developing country context, …/ Keywords: health policy; respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, children, developing countries, systematic review JEL classification: I15, I18, O15, O57 Helsinki, Finland in 1985 Typescript prepared by Janis Vehmaan-Kreula at UNU-WIDER. The World Institute for Development Economics Research (WIDER) was established by the United Nations University (UNU) as its first research and training centre and started work inThe views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s). Publication does not imply endorsement by the Institute or the United Nations University, nor by the programme/project sponsors, of any of the views expressed.… and which focus on children as the primary target population. Overall, we find that improved water supply and quality, sanitation and hygiene, as well as the provision of medical equipment that detect symptoms of childhood diseases, along with training and education for medical workers, are effective policy instruments to tackle diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections in developing countries. IntroductionChildren have been at the centre of recent global efforts to improve well-being conditions in developing countries. Since 1990, the year when the Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4) began to be monitored, developing countries have made important strides towards reducing child mortality. 1 Over the last 20 years, child mortality rates have fallen considerably, from 87 [85, 89] deaths per 1,000 live births to 51 [51, 55]. 2 In absolute terms, this means a reduction from 12 to 6.9 million in the number of children dying every year (UNICEF 2012). However, despite the progress in this front, more than 19,000 children still die every day, most of them of preventable and treatable infectious diseases.Indeed, child mortality rates remain high in developing countries, with rates about eight times as high as those observed in developed countries. Recent estimates suggest that nearly 80 per cent of under-five deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia, and about half of the deaths in one of five countries: India, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the ...

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Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea

Ejemot

Ehiri

Meremikwu

et al. 2008

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

194

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A longitudinal study of the impact of behavioural change intervention on cleanliness, diarrhoeal morbidity and growth of children in rural Bangladesh

Cited by 53 publications

References 9 publications

Impact of an integrated nutrition intervention on nutrient intakes, morbidity and growth of rural Burkinabe preschool children

Impact of an integrated nutrition intervention on nutrient intakes, morbidity and growth of rural Burkinabe preschool children

What Do We Know About Non-Clinical Interventions for Preventable and Treatable Childhood Diseases in Developing Countries?

Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea

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