A longitudinal study of neurobiological mechanisms in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: preliminary findings

Pick, Lawrence H.; Halperin, Jeffrey M.; Schwartz, Susan T.; Newcorn, Jeffrey H.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00074-2

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Although platelet 5-HT concentration does not differ according to diurnal rhythm, and is stable during day [40] , sampling was always done at 08: 00 h; therefore, the potential limitation of measuring platelet 5-HT at only one time point can be neglected. Stability of platelet 5-HT has been confirmed in a study measuring platelet 5-HT in 8-and 11-year-old boys with ADHD [41] . Increased platelet 5-HT concentration might be related to the presence of psychotic symptoms [18,34,37] or delusions [42] ; however diagnostic instruments such as the clinical interview, physical examination and CRS-P and CRS-T excluded the presence of these symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Platelet Serotonin Concentration in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Novković¹,

Rudan²,

Pivac³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychobiology

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Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder highly prevalent in children. The neurobiology of ADHD is still not clear, but is assumed to be related to disturbances in catecholaminergic and serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) systems. Peripheral indices of central 5-HT function were shown in recent studies to be lower, unaltered, or increased in ADHD. Methods: The study determined platelet 5-HT concentration in 84 medication-free 9-year-old (range 4–14 years) boys and girls with DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD, subdivided according to the different symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) and clinical ADHD subtypes (predominantly hyperactive, predominantly inattentive, and combined subtype), and in 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results: Children with ADHD had similar platelet 5-HT concentrations to control children. Platelet 5-HT concentration did not differ between boys and girls, or between children with a hyperactive, inattentive, or combined subtype of ADHD. In children with ADHD there was a significant positive correlation between platelet 5-HT concentration and impulsive symptoms, but not with symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity.Platelet 5-HT concentration wassignificantly higher in impulsive compared to non-impulsive children with ADHD. Conclusion: The data provide preliminary evidence that increased platelet 5-HT concentration might be a trait marker predictive of impulsivity in ADHD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Platelet Serotonin Concentration in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Novković¹,

Rudan²,

Pivac³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychobiology

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“…The -1438A>G polymorphism and the 102T>C polymorphism (which is in high linkage disequilibrium with -1438A>G) of HTR2A have been studied previously for a role in ADHD; however, no positive associations were found [Quist et al, 2000;Zoroglu et al, 2003]. It is proposed that most longitudinal studies that assay 5-HT levels mainly reflect 5-HT2A receptor function [Biegon and Greuner, 1992;Pick et al, 1999]. Based on these studies and the conclusion that 5-HT activity is age-dependent, we hypothesized that the 5-HT2A receptor gene might relate to remission of ADHD, and the current study has provided evidence for such a relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, 6-year-olds were found to have greater binding of 5-HT 2 receptors relative to newborns and 13-to 14-year-olds [Biegon and Greuner, 1992]. A 2-to 3-year follow up study in 8-to 11-year-old boys with ADHD found that central serotonin function decreased significantly with age [Pick et al, 1999].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Contribution of 5‐HT2A receptor gene ‐1438A>G polymorphism to outcome of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents

Li¹,

Kang²,

Wang³

et al. 2006

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) typically emerges before 7 years of age and may persist into adolescence or adulthood. The adolescent outcome can be classified into four types, including non-remission, syndromatic remission, symptomatic remission, and functional remission. Genetic factors are believed to contribute to symptom stability and change across development, so adolescent outcome may be a sub-phenotype for molecular genetic studies of ADHD. Serotonin system genes are prime candidates for this sub-phenotype, since the development of this neurotransmitter system parallels the course of ADHD. The current study examined the association between adolescent outcome in ADHD and serotonin system genes, including the -1438A>G polymorphism of the serotonin 2A receptor gene (HTR2A) and the -759C>T polymorphism of the serotonin 2C receptor gene (HTR2C). The -1438A>G polymorphism was found to be related to remission in ADHD, especially functional remission (P = 0.029). Due to potential phenotypic and etiologic heterogeneity in ADHD, the results of this study must be replicated in additional samples before they can be generalized to other populations.

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“…The serotonin neurotransmitter system has developmental characteristics that may underlie the age-dependent emergence and presentation of ADHD as well [Pick et al, 1999]. For example, the longitudinal study from Pick et al [1999] revealed that central 5-HT function of ADHD patients decreased from 8 to 11 years old.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the longitudinal study from Pick et al [1999] revealed that central 5-HT function of ADHD patients decreased from 8 to 11 years old. During this period, ADHD symptoms (especially hyperactivity-impulsivity) declined with increasing age [Hart et al, 1995;Biederman et al, 2000].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphism predicts adolescent outcome of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2007

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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ADHD is generally deemed to be a highly heritable disorder with mean heritability of 0.75. The enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO), which has both A and B types, has long been considered a candidate pathological substrate for ADHD, and more recently, the genes for both MAO enzymes have been examined as mediators of the illness. Previous studies indicated that 30-50% of children with ADHD will experience symptoms that persist into adolescence and will have more significant impairment in social and neuropsychological functioning compared to those whose symptoms have remitted. Genes may also influence these characteristics of the disorder, and in this context MAO genes may also be candidates for moderating the presentation of ADHD. The current study examined the association between adolescent outcome of ADHD and MAO gene polymorphisms, including the 941T > G polymorphism in exon 8 (rs1799835) and 1460C > T polymorphism in exon 14 (rs1137070) of the MAOA gene, and the A > G polymorphism in intron13 (rs1799836), C > T polymorphism in the 3'UTR (rs1040399), and 2327T > C polymorphism in exon15 of the MAOB gene. Significant associations were observed between the MAOA gene polymorphisms and ADHD remission. Due to the small sample size and the possibility of phenotypic and etiologic heterogeneity of ADHD outcomes across ethnic or geographic groups, these results must be replicated before they can be generalized to other populations.

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A longitudinal study of neurobiological mechanisms in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: preliminary findings

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Platelet Serotonin Concentration in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Platelet Serotonin Concentration in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Contribution of 5‐HT2A receptor gene ‐1438A>G polymorphism to outcome of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents

Monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphism predicts adolescent outcome of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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