A longitudinal assessment of work situation, sick leave, and household income of mothers and fathers of children with cancer in Sweden

Hovén, Emma; Essén, Louise von; Norberg, Annika Lindahl

doi:10.3109/0284186x.2012.760846

Cited by 35 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Expectedly, and in line with previous findings [6], the most pronounced impact on parents' leisure activities and working life/studies was found during treatment. In the context of pediatric care, parents have a prominent role being their child's primary source of support.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Corresponding to previous findings [6,10], more mothers than fathers reported being restricted all/most of the time with regard to leisure activities and/or work/studies shortly after end of treatment. However, the effect of gender varied depending on parents' psychological distress, assessed as partial PTSD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The literature, still scarce, indicates that family income decreases and expenses increase in the wake of childhood cancer [5]. In a previous study, we concluded that childhood cancer affects parents', particularly mothers', possibility to maintain working hours up to one year after completion of treatment [6], however, only minor adverse effects were found five years after end of treatment [7].…”

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confidence: 94%

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Impact of a child’s cancer disease on parents’ everyday life: a longitudinal study from Sweden

et al. 2016

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Background: A child's cancer disease may disrupt the daily life of the affected family for a long period. The aim was to describe restrictions on parents' leisure activities and work/studies during and after the child's treatment. Methods: This study used data from a cohort of mothers and fathers (n ¼ 246) of children diagnosed with cancer. Data was collected five times from two months after diagnosis to one year after end of treatment. Reports of restrictions were evaluated over time, between mothers and fathers, and in relation to parent-reported child symptom burden (The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale) and partial post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version). Results: Two (51%) and four (45%) months after diagnosis, about half reported that their leisure activities were restricted at least some of the time. Corresponding percentages for restrictions on work/ studies were 84% and 77%. One year after end of treatment, the great majority reported that their leisure activities (91%) and/or work/studies (76%) were never/seldom restricted. During treatment, more mothers than fathers reported restrictions on work/studies all/most of the time. After end of treatment, gender was only related to reports of restrictions among parents not reporting partial PTSD. More parents who reported being restricted all/most of the time also reported partial PTSD and/or a greater symptom burden for the child. Conclusion: Parents report frequent restrictions on everyday life during treatment. One year after end of treatment, parents report only a limited impact of the child's cancer on their leisure activities and work/studies. More parents who report restrictions also report partial PTSD and/or a greater child symptom burden. The effect of gender on restrictions varies depending on reports of partial PTSD. Future studies of gender differences regarding the impact of a child's cancer on parents' everyday life should thus consider mothers' and fathers' level of psychological distress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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confidence: 94%

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Impact of a child’s cancer disease on parents’ everyday life: a longitudinal study from Sweden

et al. 2016

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“…We have reported on the impact of childhood cancer on parental work situation, sick leave and income in a longitudinal study from the time of diagnosis until one year following end of the child's treatment [9]. Results showed that although parents reduced their work hours following their child's diagnosis, there were no differences in the proportions of mothers and fathers working at one year following end-oftreatment.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 93%

“…Full details of participants and procedures have been described elsewhere [9,12,15]. In brief, parents (including step-parents) were invited to participate if they were Swedish and/or English speaking parents of a child aged 18 years, with a primary cancer diagnosis (within the past 14 days), scheduled for chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (not applicable to CNS tumors), and with access to a telephone.…”

Section: Participants and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents of children diagnosed with cancer: work situation and sick leave, a five-year post end-of-treatment or a child’s death follow-up study

et al. 2016

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Background: Cancer in a child is associated with a significant impact on parental employment. We assessed the proportions of parents of survivors and bereaved parents working and reporting sick leave five years after end of successful treatment (ST)/child's death (T7) compared with one year after end of ST/child's death (T6) and the association between partial post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and work situation and sick leave at T7. Participants and procedure: The sample included 152 parents of survivors (77 mothers, 75 fathers) and 42 bereaved parents (22 mothers, 20 fathers) of children diagnosed with cancer in Sweden. Results: The proportions of parents working or reporting sick leave did not differ among mothers and fathers of survivors (92% vs. 96% working, 20% vs. 18% on sick leave) or among bereaved mothers and fathers (91% vs. 90% working, 14% vs. 20% on sick leave) at T7. There was no change from T6 to T7 in the proportion of fathers working (fathers of survivors 91% vs. 96%, bereaved fathers 95% vs. 90%). Although more mothers of survivors (92% vs. 82%) and bereaved mothers (91% vs. 77%) worked at T7 than at T6, this increase was not significant. Fewer bereaved mothers reported sick leave at T7 than at T6 (14% vs. 59%, p < 0.05). Although more fathers reported sick leave at T7 than at T6 (fathers of survivors 18% vs. 8%, bereaved fathers 20% vs. 15%), this was not significant. Partial PTSD was not associated with parents' work situation or sick leave at T7. Conclusion: Results suggest little adverse effect on work situation and sick leave among parents of survivors and bereaved parents five years after end of ST/child's death from cancer. However, the pattern of change observed differed between parents, which could potentially indicate possible delayed consequences for fathers not captured in the present paper.

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Short‐term and long‐term effects of childhood cancer on income from employment and employment status: A national cohort study in Sweden

Norberg

Montgomery

Bottai

et al. 2016

Cancer

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Parents' income from employment and employment status appear to be adversely affected by having a child with cancer. Socioeconomic consequences are not distributed equally: the income of fathers appears to catch up after a few years, whereas mothers tend to be disadvantaged in their professional life for several years after a child's cancer diagnosis. Cancer 2017;123:1238-1248. © 2016 American Cancer Society.

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A longitudinal assessment of work situation, sick leave, and household income of mothers and fathers of children with cancer in Sweden

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of a child’s cancer disease on parents’ everyday life: a longitudinal study from Sweden

Impact of a child’s cancer disease on parents’ everyday life: a longitudinal study from Sweden

Parents of children diagnosed with cancer: work situation and sick leave, a five-year post end-of-treatment or a child’s death follow-up study

Short‐term and long‐term effects of childhood cancer on income from employment and employment status: A national cohort study in Sweden

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