A LOFAR-IRAS cross-match study: the far-infrared radio correlation and the 150 MHz luminosity as a star-formation rate tracer

Wang, L.; Gao, F.; Duncan, K. J.; Williams, W. L.; Rowan‐Robinson, M.; Sabater, J.; Shimwell, T. W.; Bonato, M.; Rivera, G. Calistro; Chyży, K. T.; Farrah, D.; Gürkan, G.; Hardcastle, M. J.; McCheyne, I.; Prandoni, I.; Read, Shaun C.; Röttgering, H. J. A.; Smith, Daniel

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935913

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Many previous works have investigated SFR-radio luminosity relation using a sample identified at radio frequencies (e.g. Bell 2003; Murphy et al 2011;Brown et al 2017;Calistro Rivera et al 2017;Wang et al 2019). To see the possible impact of this on our results for SFR-L 150 MHz , we have repeated our analysis, but instead including only those sources which are detected at 150 MHz with ≥ 5σ significance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purposes of comparison we have also again overlaid the G18 relation (in orange) as well as the empirical relations from Bell ( 2003) and Murphy et al (2011), both converted from the 1.4 GHz expectations assuming a canonical spectral index, α = 0.7 (similar to values in the literature e.g. Mauch et al 2013;Prescott et al 2016), and the relation from Wang et al (2019). All of these literature relations have been converted to the Chabrier (2003) IMF used in this work where necessary, using the corrections provided in Madau & Dickinson (2014).…”

Section: Evolution Of Sfr-l 150 Mhz and σ Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advent of LOFAR, several works have looked at this issue at low frequencies (e.g. Brown et al 2017;Calistro Rivera et al 2017;Gürkan et al 2018;Wang et al 2019). Brown et al (2017) found a slightly super-linear SFR-relationship between SFR and 150 MHz luminosity (hereafter "SFR-L 150 MHz " relation) with a gradient of 1.14 ± 0.05, using 150 MHz data from the TGSS (Intema et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brown et al (2017) found a slightly super-linear SFR-relationship between SFR and 150 MHz luminosity (hereafter "SFR-L 150 MHz " relation) with a gradient of 1.14 ± 0.05, using 150 MHz data from the TGSS (Intema et al 2017). Wang et al (2019) found an even steeper relationship (gradient of 1.3−1.4) using a 60 µm-selected sample from the revised IRAS Faint Source Survey Redshift Catalogue (Wang et al 2014) matched to LOFAR data from LoTSS DR1. Calistro Rivera et al ( 2017) used a 150 MHz-selected sample of 750 z < 2.5 star-forming galaxies identified in LoTSS data over 7 deg 2 of the Boötes field, alongside SFRs from SED fitting to find evidence for significant evolution in the FIRC, curved radio spectra, and an increase in the observed radio luminosity for a given SFR at higher redshift.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields

Smith

Haskell

Gürkan

et al. 2021

A&A

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In this paper, we investigate the relationship between 150 MHz luminosity and the star-formation rate – the SFR-L150 MHz relation – using 150 MHz measurements for a near-infrared selected sample of 118 517 z < 1 galaxies. New radio survey data offer compelling advantages over previous generation surveys for studying star formation in galaxies, including huge increases in sensitivity, survey speed, and resolution, while remaining impervious to extinction. The LOFAR Surveys Key Science Project is transforming our understanding of the low-frequency radio sky, with the 150 MHz data over the European Large Area Infrared Space Observatory Survey-North 1 field reaching an rms sensitivity of 20 μJy beam−1 over 10 deg2 at 6 arcsec resolution. All of the galaxies studied have SFR and stellar mass estimates that were derived from energy balance spectral energy distribution fitting using redshifts and aperture-matched forced photometry from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) Deep Fields data release. The impact of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is minimised by leveraging the deep ancillary data in the LoTSS data release, alongside median-likelihood methods that we demonstrate are resistant to AGN contamination. We find a linear and non-evolving SFR-L150 MHz relation, apparently consistent with expectations based on calorimetric arguments, down to the lowest SFRs < 0.01M⊙ yr−1. However, we also recover compelling evidence for stellar mass dependence in line with previous work on this topic, in the sense that higher mass galaxies have a larger 150 MHz luminosity at a given SFR, suggesting that the overall agreement with calorimetric arguments may be a coincidence. We conclude that, in the absence of AGN, 150 MHz observations can be used to measure accurate galaxy SFRs out to z = 1 at least, but it is necessary to account for stellar mass in the estimation in order to obtain 150 MHz-derived SFRs accurate to better than 0.5 dex. Our best-fit relation is log10(L150 MHz ∕W Hz−1) = (0.90 ± 0.01)log10(ψ∕M⊙ yr−1) + (0.33 ± 0.04)log10(M∕1010M⊙) + 22.22 ± 0.02.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution Of Sfr-l 150 Mhz and σ Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields

Smith

Haskell

Gürkan

et al. 2021

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“…It reaches a sensitivity of 100 µJy beam −1 with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) synthesized beam of ∼6 arcsecs and its first data release (DR1) covering 424 square degrees is already public. This first data release has already enabled the study of the low-frequency sky in unprecedented ways (Croston et al 2019;Gürkan et al 2019;Hardcastle et al 2019;Mahatma et al 2019;Mingo et al 2019;Mooney et al 2019;Morabito et al 2019;Sabater et al 2019;Stacey et al 2019;Wang et al 2019). The LoTSS DR1 has already probed the relation between the triggering of AGN and the stellar mass (Sabater et al 2019) showing that all the most massive galaxies present AGN-related radio emission once the observations are deep enough to detect it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 1

Sabater

Best

Tasse

et al. 2021

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The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) will cover the full northern sky and, additionally, aims to observe the LoTSS deep fields to a noise level of 10µJy beam −1 over several tens of square degrees in areas that have the most extensive ancillary data. This paper presents the ELAIS-N1 deep field, the deepest of the LoTSS deep fields to date. With an effective observing time of 163.7 hours, it reaches a root mean square (RMS) noise level of 20 µJy beam −1 in the central region (and below 30 µJy beam −1 over 10 square degrees). The resolution is ∼6 arcsecs and 84862 radio sources were detected in the full area (68 square degrees) with 74127 sources in the highest quality area at less than 3 degrees from the pointing centre. The observation reaches a sky density of more than 5000 sources per square degree in the central region (∼5 square degrees). We present the calibration procedure, which addresses the special configuration of some observations and the extended bandwidth covered (115 to 177 MHz; central frequency 146.2 MHz) compared to standard LoTSS. We also describe the methods used to calibrate the flux density scale using cross-matching with sources detected by other radio surveys in the literature. We find the flux density uncertainty related to the flux density scale to be ∼6.5 per cent. By studying the variations of the flux density measurements between different epochs, we show that relative flux density calibration is reliable out to about a 3 degree radius, but that additional flux density uncertainty is present for all sources at about the 3 per cent level; this is likely to be associated with residual calibration errors, and is shown to be more significant in datasets with poorer ionosphere conditions. We also provide intra-band spectral indices, which can be useful to detect sources with unusual spectral properties. The final uncertainty in the flux densities is estimated to be ∼10 per cent for ELAIS-N1.

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Double-peak emission line galaxies in the SDSS catalogue

Maschmann

Melchior

Mamon

et al. 2020

A&A

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Double-peak narrow emission line galaxies have been studied extensively in the past years, in the hope of discovering late stages of mergers. It is difficult to disentangle this phenomenon from disc rotations and gas outflows with the sole spectroscopic measurement of the central 3″. We aim to properly detect such galaxies and distinguish the underlying mechanisms with a detailed analysis of the host-galaxy properties and their kinematics. Relying on the Reference Catalogue of Spectral Energy Distribution, we developed an automated selection procedure and found 5663 double-peak emission line galaxies at z < 0.34 corresponding to 0.8% of the parent database. To characterise these galaxies, we built a single-peak no-bias control sample (NBCS) with the same redshift and stellar mass distributions as the double-peak sample (DPS). These two samples are indeed very similar in terms of absolute magnitude, [OIII] luminosity, colour-colour diagrams, age and specific star formation rate, metallicity, and environment. We find an important excess of S0 galaxies in the DPS, not observed in the NBCS, which cannot be accounted for by the environment, as most of these galaxies are isolated or in poor groups. Similarly, we find a relative deficit of pure discs in the DPS late-type galaxies, which are preferentially of Sa type. In parallel, we observe a systematic central excess of star formation and extinction for double peak (DP) galaxies. Finally, there are noticeable differences in the kinematics: The gas velocity dispersion is correlated with the galaxy inclination in the NBCS, whereas this relation does not hold for the DPS. Furthermore, the DP galaxies show larger stellar velocity dispersions and they deviate from the Tully-Fisher relation for both late-type and S0 galaxies. These discrepancies can be reconciled if one considers the two peaks as two different components. Considering the morphological biases in favour of bulge-dominated galaxies and the star formation central enhancement, we suggest a scenario of multiple, sequential minor mergers driving the increase of the bulge size, leading to larger fractions of S0 galaxies and a deficit of pure disc galaxies.

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A LOFAR-IRAS cross-match study: the far-infrared radio correlation and the 150 MHz luminosity as a star-formation rate tracer

Cited by 39 publications

References 99 publications

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields

The LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 1

Double-peak emission line galaxies in the SDSS catalogue

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