“…Except for the Markov model and HMM, there are some other location prediction algorithms that are used to analyze location information in literature [18–26], such as the artificial neural network-based algorithm [18], Bayesian network-based methods [19, 20], mobile-sink-based methods [21, 22], the regression-based method [23], and mobile anchor assisted localization algorithms [24, 25]. These methods predict future positions of nodes from different perspectives, which focus on the behavior of each single node.…”