A little help from steroids in oncology

Lossignol, Dominique

doi:10.1515/jtim-2016-0011

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In both in vivo and in vitro studies of prostate cancer and melanoma, high expression of RKIP can reduce vessel invasion and reduce metastasis risk[ 32 ]. Similar results have also been reported in studies on breast cancer with lymph node metastasis[ 33 ], insulinoma[ 34 ], colon cancer[ 35 , 36 ], liver cancer[ 25 ], ovarian cancer[ 37 ], and thyroid cancer[ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Clinical and prognostic significance of Raf kinase inhibitory protein expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

WJG

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AIMTo detect the expression of Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and to analyze its relationship with clinicopatholgical characteristics and prognosis of this disease.METHODSSixty-three patients with pathologically diagnosed GISTs who underwent surgical resection at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2011 to January 2015 and had complete clinical, pathological, and follow-up data were included. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of RKIP in GIST tissue samples from these patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate of 60 patients with complete follow-up data, and Cox regression analysis was performed to identify factors affecting the prognosis of patients GISTs to evaluate further the diagnostic and prognostic value of RKIP in GISTs.RESULTSIn GIST tissues, RKIP positive signals, manifesting as brownish yellow or brown granules, were located in the cytoplasm or on the membrane. Of 63 tissue samples included in this study, 34 (54%) were positive and 29 (46%) were negative for RKIP expression. Statistical analysis showed that RKIP expression in GISTs was significantly associated with tumor size, National Institutes of Health (NIH) risk grade, and mucosal invasion, but had no significant association with age, gender, tumor location, or the number of mitotic figures. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 94.4%, 89.2%, and 80.5% for patients with positive RKIP expression, and 88.6%, 68.2%, and 48.2% for patients with negative RKIP expression, suggesting that patients with high RKIP expression had significantly higher survival rates than those with low expression (Log-rank test, P = 0.0015). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that NIH risk grade was significantly associated with the prognosis of GISTs (P = 0.037), suggesting that NIH risk grade is a significant predictor of the prognosis of GISTs. RKIP expression had a tendency to predict the survival of GISTs (P = 0.122), suggesting that RKIP expression may have appreciated value to predict the prognosis of GISTs.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that: (1) RKIP expression in GISTs is associated with tumor size, NIH risk grade, and mucosal invasion, and low or no expression of RKIP predicts a high malignancy potential; (2) high RKIP correlates positively with the survival of patients with GISTs; and (3) RKIP expression has appreciated value for predicting the survival of patients with GISTs, although it is not an independent prognostic factor in GISTs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Clinical and prognostic significance of Raf kinase inhibitory protein expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

WJG

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“…Corticosteroids have been widely used in cancer therapy . But, they are also known to be associated with various adverse effects .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corticosteroids have been widely used in cancer therapy. 66,67 But, they are also known to be associated with various adverse effects. 68 The mechanism of glucocorticoids or DEX action on different cells could be genomic or non-genomic type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances prostate cancer metastasis potentially through NF‐κB activation and recurrent dexamethasone administration fails to suppress it in vivo

et al. 2018

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Background Previous studies have shown the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on enhanced cancer cells’ growth and metastasis. However, the effect of LPS on prostate cancer (PCa) cells metastasis has not been investigated in details. This study aimed to investigate the functional role of LPS on PCa cells metastasis and determine the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on this event. Methods Two different PCa reporter cells lines (DU145‐NF‐κB‐Luc and MAT‐LyLu‐ NF‐κB‐Luc) were used to assess the direct effect of LPS on NF‐κB activation in PCa cells. Plasma collected from LPS‐stimulated human and rodent blood were used to check the indirect effect of LPS on NF‐κB activation in PCa cells. Trans‐well migration assay and two different orthotopic PCa animal models were used to investigate the effect of LPS on DU145 and MAT‐LyLu cells migration or metastasis in vitro and in vivo, respectively. In all the studies DEX was used with or without LPS stimulation. Results LPS and secretory factors present in plasma collected from LPS‐stimulated blood, significantly activated NF‐κB in DU145, and MAT‐LyLu cells and enhanced their migration in vitro. DEX significantly suppressed LPS‐mediated activation of cancer and blood cells and abrogated the direct and indirect pro‐migratory effect of LPS on PCa cells. Systemic administration of LPS activated NF‐κB in DU145 cells in vivo; however, failed to alter the metastatic properties of these cells. On the other hand, systemic administration of LPS to MAT‐LyLu tumor bearing animals significantly enhanced the incidence of metastasis without altering the overall growth of primary tumors. Unexpectedly, though DEX significantly suppressed MAT‐LyLu primary tumor weights, it aggravated metastasis of cancer cells in presence and absence of LPS. Moreover, consecutive DEX pre‐treatment enhanced experimental peritoneal metastasis of MAT‐LyLu cells. At the molecular level, LPS, and/or DEX induced overexpression of immunosuppressive molecules in MAT‐LyLu tumors. Conclusions Overall, our study has shown that LPS and/or LPS induced inflammation can increase PCa metastasis and immunosuppressive dose of DEX might further enhance cancer metastasis.

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“…Corticosteroids are being prescribed for many non-specific symptoms such as anorexia-cachexia symptoms, nausea, pain and breathlessness (25). Steroids are expected to improve appetite, resolve fatigue and oedematous collections in tissues, thus assisting to improve quality of life (26,27). Role of steroids in addressing specific causes such as neurological complications (e.g.…”

Section: Opinions Heldmentioning

confidence: 99%

What do young doctors know of Palliative Care; how do they expect the concept to work?

Fernando

Prathapan

2019

Preprint

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Objectives Discipline of palliative care is still evolving in developed parts of the world while it remains at an infantile stage in Sri Lanka which has not been formally assessed as of today. We aimed at evaluating the level of palliative care knowledge and opinions among young medical graduates. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among pre-residency medical graduates of Sri Lanka through a social media based on-line survey. The pre-tested questionnaire assessed the level of knowledge on general principles, service organization, clinical management and ethical considerations while it also evaluated their opinions. Results Response rate was 35.8% (n=351). The average score among the respondents was 37.25% (standard deviation (SD) = 11.975). Specific knowledge on “general principles” was adequate (score>=50%) with an average of 62.61%, SD=24.5 while “ethics” was observed to be the area with poorest knowledge (average score=19.55%, SD=22). Average scores for “service organization” and “managerial aspects” were 34.54%, SD=17.6 and 32.26%, SD=22.3 respectively. The majority (>90%) believed that de-novo establishment of hospice, hospital and community-based palliative services would sustainably improve holistic patient care. Measures must be taken to optimize basic palliative care knowledge among the undergraduates in view of achieving Universal Health Coverage in the long term.

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A little help from steroids in oncology

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

Clinical and prognostic significance of Raf kinase inhibitory protein expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Clinical and prognostic significance of Raf kinase inhibitory protein expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances prostate cancer metastasis potentially through NF‐κB activation and recurrent dexamethasone administration fails to suppress it in vivo

What do young doctors know of Palliative Care; how do they expect the concept to work?

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